THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 487 



The Italian Pear Scale. 



The Italian pear scale attacks the pear, pkim, apple, peach and cur- 

 rant. It occurs in Alameda County, Napa County and in the Santa 

 Clara Valley. The female scale is dark fjray in appearance, circular or 

 oval in form, and less than ^ inch in diameter. The male scale has a 

 whitish covering. It closely resembles the San Jose scale, and is often 

 mistaken for it. It works, to a large extent, under the moss on the 

 trunks and larger limbs and consequently is not usualh^ noticed. 



Spray with crude oil emulsion as given above, or wuth commercial 

 lime sulphur solution, during the dormant period. 



The Fruit Tree Leaf Roller. 



The fruit tree leaf roller occurs in Santa Clara, San Diego and San 

 Bernardino counties. The larvie of this insect injure the blossoms and 

 destroy the fruit and foliage of many species of plants. Among the 

 deciduous fruits the apple, pear, plum, cherry, apricot, quince and 

 peach are subject to its attack. The leaf roller is one of the moths and 

 passes the winter in the egg stage. The egg masses are laid almost 

 anywhere : on the bark of shade trees, fruit trees, shrubbery and berry 

 bushes. The egg masses are made up of from ten to one hundred and 

 fifty eggs, covered with a sticky substance which is deposited with the 

 eggs. 



Spray with soluble oils, as recommended by Geo. P. Weldon in The 

 Monthly Bulletin, Volume II. No. 9, on page 645. These soluble oils 

 are used in the proportions of 1 gallon to 19 gallons of water, and are 

 used as winter sprays. 



Apple Tree Tent Caterpillars. 



The two apple tree tent caterpillars — commonly known as the Eastern 

 apple tree tent caterpillar and the Western apple tree tent caterpillar — 

 occur in California. The former has a limited distribution, while the 

 latter is confined principally to the central and northern portions. 

 These caterpillars destroy the foliage and the young fruit of the apple. 

 They are hairy caterpillars, about IJ inches long when full gro^\Ti, 

 blackish in color, with yellow and white stripes along the back. The 

 larva? of the former species spin a web or tent, in which they congregate 

 when not feeding, all congregating in masses on the trunks and limbs 

 of trees. Both species pass the winter in the egg stage, the egg masses 

 being attached in cjdindrical formation to the slender limbs of the trees. 

 These egg masses may be destroyed during the winter time. 



MISCELLANEOUS INSECTS. 



Insects in Stored Products. 



There are numerous species of insects which destroy large quantities 

 of stored products. Among these insects may be mentioned the grain 

 weevils, pea weevils, the flour moths, etc. Although it is almost im- 

 possible to destroy all of these insects in all stages, at the same time, car- 

 bon bisulfid is generally used, the gas of which, being heavy, will go 

 downwards and will penetrate the material to be fumigated. A tight 

 room is essential. The carbon bisulfid — which comes in the form of a 



