46 



and contracts on being brought to light. The pupillary re- 

 flex (the light reflected from the retina outward through the 

 pupil) is, as a rule, grayish-blue; but may, at times, appear 

 more gray than blue, or present a more or less distinctly 

 green color. 



Treatment. — When amaurosis is a result of another dis- 

 ease, it is evident that the disease of which it is a symptom 

 should be treated. In cases of recent standing, good nuti- 

 tive food, extra care and a nerve tonic (drachm doses of nux 

 vomica two times per day) may be employed with advant- 

 age. But treatment of long standing cases always proves 

 valueless. 



GLAUCOMA. 



This name is applied to several varieties of a disease 

 whose 'chief symptom is increased ocular tension. The in- 

 creased intro-ocular pressure is a direct result of the jelly- 

 like vitrious humor becoming thin, more watery and greater 

 in quantity. This condition may appear independent of 

 any other disease, but it generally appears, accompanied by, 

 or as a sequel of, inflammation in the choroid or the ciliary 

 bodies. However, the exact cause in many instances is un- 

 known. The extra amount of lymph or watery secretion 

 within the eye has been explained in varioutv ways. Some 

 have claimed that it was due- to obstructi^js in the intro- 

 ocular lymph vessels, which carry off the extra amount of 

 lymph ; others have suggested that the extra supply of 

 water was due to excessive secretion by the choroid, and es- 

 pecially the ciliary bodies. The development of glaucoma is 

 slow, its course is nearly alwayfe chronic and of a more or less 

 intermittent form. Old animals which have far-sighted 

 (hypermetro[)ic) eyes are predisposed to glaucoma. 



Symptoms. — Increased hardness of the eye-ball, or rise of 

 iutra-ocular tension, is tii'e most prominent symptom. These 



