32 



as in infectious keratitis; it may also appear in suppurative 

 inflammation of the conjunctiva or cornea, and it is occasion- 

 ally found associated with influenza in the horse; very often 

 it is observed in the course of influenza (distemper) in the 

 dog. 



Ulceration of the cornea appears to be caused by an infec- 

 tious or contagious microbe, since the disease is transmitted 

 from one eye to the other, and occasionally appears as a dis- 

 ease that may extend to a number of animals in a locality. 



An ulcer may appear near the center of the cornea or near 

 its border; the cornea surrounding it is generally opaque; 

 the bottom of the ulcer may be greenish yellow or gray 

 white in color; the borders of the ulcer are, in the early 

 stage, so abrupt that it appears as if it had been cut out 

 with an iron punch. It may extend in depth to the internal 

 layer of the cornea, then the reparative process may begin. 

 Shortly after the formation of the ulcer, the cornea becomes 

 vascular; the blood vessels give the opaque cornea around 

 the ulcer a reddish tinge. As soon as the developing blood 

 vessels reach the advancing borders of the ulcer the process 

 of repair begins and continues slowly until the ulcer com- 

 pletely disappears, leaving behind a pearly white scar in the 

 horse, but in the ox and the dog this opacity is, as a rule, 

 removed. 



If the ulcer is located near the border, the healing process 

 progresses more rapidly than when it is in the centre of the 

 cornea, because the developing blood vessels can reach the 

 ulcer sooner and thus check its advancement. If the internal 

 layer of the cornea is destroyed by the penetrating ulcer, 

 the inflammation extends to all parts of the eye ball and gen- 

 erally results in loss of the entire organ. 



Teeatment. — Prof. Moeller very highly recommends aqua 

 chlorata diluted with 2 or 3 parts of water. A solution of cor- 

 rosive sublimate 1 part and water 1,000 parts may be employ- 

 ed ; or a 2 to 4 per cent, solution of boracic acid. It is not ad- 



