on Troglodytes Niger. 371 



pied. The only one in the whole cranium which remains 

 open, is the lambdoidal, and that only for the distance of 

 about one inch from its commencement in the foramen for 

 the exit of the great lateral sinuses. The petrous portion of 

 the temporal bone, does not appear to be coossified with the 

 sphenoid or basilar portion of the occiput by which it is sur- 

 rounded. All the bones of the face are completely united, 

 not one suture remaining: open — the ossa nasi are scarcely 

 to be distinguished from the adjacent portions of the superior 

 maxillaries, and the outlines of the lachrymal, malar, maxil- 

 lary and palatine bones have entirely disappeared. 



The foramina of the basis cranii correspond almost exactly 

 with Professor Owen's drawing of this part. The infra orbitar 

 foramina are said by him to be single,* but in the present 

 instance there are two, quite distinct from each other, the one 

 being a little above the other on each side of the face, and 

 the superior foramen being a little nearer the median line 

 than the inferior. The existence of a single infra orbitar 

 foramen, is regarded by him as one of the characters by which 

 the cranium of the Chimpanzee is distinguished from that of 

 the Ourang of Borneo — there being generally three in the 

 latter. Foramen incisivum single. ^ 



Dental formula. Incisors | ; canines | ; bicuspids | ; mo- 

 lars f ; total, 32. 



The superior canines are separated from the incisors, by 

 an interval for the admission of the canines of the lower jaw, 

 but, in the lower jaw itself, no such interval exists, the canine 

 being separated from the contiguous bicuspid and incisor, by 

 a space less than half that which exists between the incisors. 

 In the interval which separates the incisors of both the upper 

 and lower jaw, the Chimpanzee presents a striking contrast 

 with the conformation of the human cranium. The molars 

 on each side, above and below, form an unbroken series, pre- 

 senting no interval whatever. From the appearance of the 

 teeth, it is perfectly obvious that they had suffered from long 



♦ Op. cit. vol. i. p. 359. 



