on Troglodytes Niger. 363 



The specific differences between the Chimpanzee or Simla 

 troglodytes of Africa, and the Ourang Outang or Simia satyrus 

 of Borneo, which were long indefinitely determined, have been 

 so completely demonstrated by the labors of St. Hilaire,* 

 Owen f and Vrolik that any remarks relative to this subject 

 would seem superfluous. 



Geoff. St. Hilaire J had already established the differential 

 characters of the Subgenera Troglodytes and Pithecus, but 

 as they were drawn from immature specimens, they have been 

 modified by the more recent and extended researches of Prof. 

 Owen ; <§> and the characters of the first sub-genus now stand 

 as follows : 



Sub-genus Troglodytes. Geoff. 



Muzzle long ; truncated anteriorly ; strong superciliary 

 ridges, behind which the forehead recedes directly backwards ; 

 no cranial ridges. 



Facial angle 35° — excluding the superciliary ridges. 



Auricles large. 



Ribs thirteen pairs ; bones of sternum forming a single 

 row. 



Arms reaching below the knee-joint. 



Feet wide, hallux extending to second joint of adjoining 

 toe. 



Canines large, overpassing each other, the apices lodged in 

 the intervals of the opposite teeth. 



Intermaxillary bones anchylosed to the maxillaries during 

 the first or deciduous dentition. 



Ex. The Chimpanzee — Black Ourang — Pigmy — (Trog- 

 lodytes niger, Geoff. — Simia troglodytes, Blum.) Jocko, a 

 name for the young Chimpanzee. 



Height of adult about four feet.|| 



* Annales du Museum, Tom. xix. p. 81. 



t On the osteolog^'^ of the Chimpanzee and Orang-utan. By Richard Owen, 

 F. R. S. Trans. Zoolog. Soc. Lond. Vol. I. p. 343. 



t Annales du Museum, Tom. xix. § Op. Cit. p. 372. 



II It will he seen, however, from the measurements of Dr. Savage, that this 

 estimate is too low — and that it should be nearly live feet. 



40* 



