shipped into the State, the people would consume all of this 

 beef in less than a year's time. There is a wide field open 

 to the Southern farmer who wishes to produce beef. 



There are many reasons whv the Southern States should 

 raise more beef cattle than are being raised at the present 

 time. First, the South, under the present sj'stem of farm- 

 ing, has thousands of acres— and good ones, too — which are 

 not being used at all. Statistics tell us that only about 

 40 per cent of the tillable or arable land of the South is 

 being used. Sixty ])er cent of the land is lying idle and 

 returns to the owner not a cent in wealth. All of the lands 

 cannot be used as cotton lands, because, first, there are not 

 enough people to work the lands in any such way, and 

 second, many of these pauper acres are not suitable for cul- 

 tivation. In fact, many acres that are now under cotton 

 cultivation should be turned into permanent pastures and 

 grazed with live stock. No state can becom^e wealthy when 

 only 40 per cent of the land capital is being used. The 

 grocer, or the banker, or the hardware merchant, could not 

 possibly make a profit on his business if he used only 40 

 per cent of his capital. And the farmer cannot hope to be 

 successful in his operations until he begins to make use 

 of at least a reasonable proportion of his capital. No 

 farming business can be made successful when only .$4,000 

 out of a possible |10,000 is being used. 



Then again beef cattle should be more generally intro- 

 duced because of the good they do in building up and main- 

 taining soils. Under the present system of cotton farming 

 the soils are becoming poorer and poorer. With the intro- 

 duction of cattle the soil will begin to be built up. Direc- 

 tor Thorne, of the Ohio Station, has been making tests 

 with barnyard manure for several years, applying the ma- 

 nure upon a plat of ground upon which was running a 

 three years' rotation of corn, wheat and clover. Eight tons 

 of manure an acre were applied. The average yearly in- 

 crease an acre, following the one application, was as 

 follows: 



