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4th. As soon as the flowers fall spray with Bordeaux. 

 5th. lu ten days or two weeks, when the berries are the 

 size of small peas, spray again with Bordeaux, takiuj]; care 

 to direct the spray so that all the bunches will be fully 

 covered. If the work has been carefully done this will usu- 

 ally serve to protect the crop quite perfectly. In very wet 

 seasons one or two later sprayings may be advisable, but 

 they should be made with the ammouiacal copper carbonate 

 solution, as late spraying with Bordeaux stains the fruit un- 

 pleasantly. 



The anthracuose is more difficult to fully control than the 

 others and treatment is not always satisfactory. The black 

 rot is also very persistent and in badly att'ected vineyards 

 the greatest care and thoroughness in making the applica- 

 tions is required to control it. On a small scale pinning 

 paper bags over the clusters as soon as the fruit is set fur- 

 nishes very complete protection from the rot and such 

 bagged grapes ripen more evenly and are finer in flavor than 

 those unprotected. If the vineyard is infested with the 

 green saw-fly larva or by any of the leaf-eating beetles, four 

 ounces of Paris green may be added to the barrel of Bor- 

 deaux at any of the sprayings. 



Bitter Rot. — This disease seems to be largely confined 

 to the South. In some localities here it is far more trouble- 

 some than the black rot. It attacks the berries just as 

 they are ripening giving them a blistered or sun-scalded ap- 

 pearance. Later they are covered with the fruiting pustules 

 of the fungus {3Ielancordum) which resemble somewhat 

 closely those of the black rot, but the berry remains plump 

 and turgid and does not shrivel and become hard as in the 

 latter disease. The bitter rot also attacks the stems of the 

 fruit clusters and it is here that it does its greatest damage 

 for the diseased stems instead of "curing" and becoming soft 

 and pliant when picked so as to pack nicely and carry well, 

 becomes hard and brittle. The berries fall off easily and 

 such shattered bunches are quite unsaleable in market. 

 The early spraying with Bordeaux does not prevent this 



