vvooD-i-.sixt; ixDcsTRiKs (>!• -MAixi-;. 115 



every part of tlic v'^tatc. In Canada this tree is usually found on 

 moist uplands, but in the L'nited States it has been crowded h)' 

 other species into cold, wet swamps where the others can not 

 grow. The wood is heavy, hard, and very strong, and moder- 

 ately durable when in contact with the soil. It has been em- 

 ployed largely for ship knees and timbers, posts, ties, and poles, 

 and occasionally for lumber. In this study it was reported only 

 by makers of ship timbers, and 100.500 board feet were used by 

 them. Quantities are undoubtedly cut annual]}- l)y farmers and 

 k^ggers for ties, posts, and poles. 



It may be of interest to note here that the European larch is 

 somewhat better for planting than the native tamarack or larch. 

 The wood of European larch is heavy, hard, strong, and flexi- 

 ble, and very durable in contact with the ground. It is suited 

 to every use to which the native tamarack is put, anrl may 

 come to be j)referred for planting because of its rapid growth. 

 It will grow on rather poor soil but will do much better on soil 

 that is deep, light, moderately fertile, fresh, and well-drained. 



Western White Pine. 



In the search for substitutes for eastern white ]Mne. llic w iiitc 

 pine growing in the northern Rocky Mountain region and in 

 the Northern Pacific slope country was brought tn the atten- 

 tion of manufacturers, and it has been found to be an excellent 

 substitute for the soft pines of the northeastern and Lake 

 States. It is a true white pine, and therefore, more closely 

 related to the eastern white pine than is the western yellow pine. 

 The quantit}- reported as used in Maine, loo.ooo board feet, 

 was used in the manufacture of sash and doors. 



Red Cum. 



Red gum is a wood which a (|uarter of a century ago occu- 

 pied a place in tlie estimation of southern lumbermen similar 

 tc:) that lield ])y ])eech in the northern States. It is now ummI 

 extensive]}' for furniture, cabinet work, liouse finish, veneers, 

 and boxes. Tlie wood is rather heavy, soft, strong, stiff, and 

 tough. It is not durable in exposed situations. It shrinks and 

 warps so badly tliat special treatment has been found necessary 

 in handling it. l)nl since its dr\ing has been succcssfulh' accom- 



