STATISTICS OF OBSERVATIONS. 79 



undersized and rather poorly nourished infant, with but a small amount of 

 subcutaneous fat. He noticed objects, and held up his head, but could not 

 sit up without support. His physical examination was normal except that 

 there was a slight rosary. While in the hospital he kicked and laughed a good 

 part of the day while awake, slept 6 hours during the day and all night except 

 when fed at 10 p. in., 2 a. m., and 6 a. m., and was considered a particularly 

 happy infant. He made slow but consistent gains without symptoms. His 

 food was modified milk and his digestion was normal. When he entered the 

 hospital, his weight was 4.14 kilograms and on February 2 (9 days later), 

 4.39 kilograms. When discharged from the hospital, he was about 1 kilogram 

 below the weight he would have been if he had doubled his birth-weight in 

 5 months and 2.5 kilograms below the average weight for a baby of his age. 



Subject, D. Q. Male; born at full term on Aug. 2, 1913; birth-weight, 2.5 kg. 

 He was breast-fed for the first 2 months, and subsequently on modified 

 milk. When on the latter food, he had diarrhea in December, but when the 

 formula was modified the digestion became perfect. He entered the hospital 

 on December 22, 1913, at the age of 4| months, for the purpose of having his 

 metabolism determined. He was then reported as gaining rapidly. He was 

 well-developed and nourished, with firm muscles, and a well-developed layer 

 of subcutaneous fat. Both the physical examination and the temperature 

 were normal. He was under weight, as he weighed only 5.2 kilograms and the 

 average weight for this age is 6.5 kilograms. His birth-weight was, however, 

 0.9 kilogram less than the average infant at birth and if he had gained normally 

 he would have weighed approximately 5.6 kilograms. He was, therefore, 0.4 

 kilogram below what he should have weighed. 



Subject, E. R. Male; born January 12, 1913; birth-weight, 2.95 kilograms. 

 His father was unknown; his mother was treated for syphilis by two injec- 

 tions of salvarsan during pregnancy. During the first seven weeks he was 

 breast-fed ; subsequently he was fed both breast and modified milk on which 

 he did well. He entered the hospital April 11, 1913, to have his metabolism 

 determined; at that time he was well-developed and well-nourished with a 

 moderate amount of subcutaneous fat and strong muscles. The physical 

 examination was normal except for an enlarged spleen which could be felt 

 3 cm. below the edge of the ribs; this was believed to indicate syphilis. His 

 temperature was normal. At birth he weighed 0.45 kilogram less than the 

 average infant; when he entered the hospital he weighed 4.50 kilograms or 

 about 1 kilogram less than the average infant of the same age (3 months). 

 His digestion was normal and except for the first few days, he gained weight 

 consistently during his stay in the hospital, that is, after his food was strength- 

 ened from 100 to 120 calories per kilogram of body- weight. 



Subject, K. R. Male; born December 6, 1912; birth-weight, 4.55 kilograms. 

 Previous to his coming to the hospital, he had always been fed on modified 

 milk, but did not do well. He entered the hospital on April 2, 1913, at the 

 age of 4 months. On physical examination he was found to be poorly devel- 

 oped, poorly nourished, and almost emaciated. He had a thin, pinched face, 

 no subcutaneous fat, and the skin was rather loose. The muscles were small 

 and fairly firm. He cried considerably and held his breath for periods as 

 long as 45 seconds, during which he became distinctly blue, but there was no 

 suggestion of a crow or of laryngismus stridulus. The physical examination 

 was otherwise normal. The urine was also normal except that on one exami- 

 nation it showed a possible trace of albumen. This, however, was probably of 

 no significance, as there were no other pathological signs. He was fed on a 



