STATISTICS OF OBSERVATIONS. 73 



containing about 88 calories per kilogram of body-weight. On November 5, 

 she was given milk containing 103 calories per kilogram of body-weight. The 

 temperature was normal. Her weight was 6 kg; the average weight for an 

 infant of her age is 6.25 kg. ; she was therefore a perfectly normal infant. 



Subject, A. C. Female; born February 2, 1913; birth-weight, 3.09 kilograms. 



Her history was unimportant, and her physical examination normal. When 

 she entered the hospital March 19, 1913, at the age of 6^ weeks, she was a 

 strong, well-developed, and well-nourished infant. During her stay in the 

 hospital she was fed with modified milk of the ordinary proportions and showed 

 no signs of indigestion other than the occasional spitting up of small amounts 

 of food. Her diet contained about 100 calories per kilogram of body-weight; 

 with this diet her weight decreased in one week from 3.02 kilograms to 2.92 

 kilograms. Her temperature was normal except for two instances when it 

 rose for no cause that could be discovered. She was to all appearances a 

 normal infant. She weighed 0.4 kilogram less than the average weight for the 

 age, but since she weighed 0.3 kilogram less than the average at birth this may 

 be deducted from the average weight to show her expected weight for the age. 



Subject, M. C. Female; born August 31, 1913; birth-weight, 4.09 kilograms. 



She was breast-fed for a month and a half after birth and was then given 

 modified milk; she had always been well. When 4 months old (January 1, 

 1914), she entered the hospital to have her metabolism determined; her weight 

 at this time was 6 kilograms. The physical examination was normal and there 

 was a normal amount of subcutaneous fat and muscle. Her temperature was 

 normal throughout her stay. The average weight for an infant of this age 

 is 6.25 kilograms; she was therefore approximately the weight of the average 

 infant and on this basis may be considered a normal infant. As she weighed 

 0.68 kilogram more at birth than the average infant, she was approximately 

 0.75 kilogram below the weight she would have been had she gained in the 

 usual manner. 



Subject, A. D. Female; born December 28, 1912; birth-weight, 2.36 kilograms. 



Previous to coming to the hospital she had always been fed on modified 

 milk. She cried considerably and vomited immediately after almost every 

 feeding. The milk formula had been changed, a month previous, to equal parts 

 of cream, water, and lactose in amounts that gave her about 50 calories per 

 kilogram of body-weight. She entered the hospital when 4 months old (April 

 26, 1913), with the provisional diagnosis of starvation. Her weight at that 

 time was 2.55 kilograms, which was less than half of what she would have 

 weighed had she gained in the normal manner, and 3.70 kilograms less than 

 the average for an infant of that age. She was a poorly developed, poorly 

 nourished, emaciated, and "dried up" infant, with a fairly strong cry and 

 a feeble grasp. There was no subcutaneous fat and the muscles were small 

 and weak. After coming to the hospital, she was fed on modified milk and 

 gained rapidly in weight from May 1, when she weighed 2.60 kilograms, to 

 June 5, when she weighed 3.70 kilograms. On May 18 it was noted that she 

 was gaining very rapidly in weight and strength, and that her general appear- 

 ance was improving. The digestion and temperature were normal except on 

 the afternoon of May 24, when the temperature was 36.1° C. (97° F.). At the 

 time of her discharge from the hospital, she weighed about 2 kilograms less 

 than she would have if she had gained weight in the usual manner, and 3 kilo- 

 grams less than the average weight of an infant of her age (5 months). She 



