340 



INDEX. 



Staked Plains, 15 

 Stem analyses, 123 ff. 

 Stockton, rainfall of, 158 

 Storm frequency, center of, 193 f. 

 track, location of mean, 201 



shift of, 193 

 tracks during glacial period, 206 f. 

 Storms, cyclonic, relation to growth of sequoias, 171 

 monthly distribution of, 19-1 ff. 

 relation to sun-spots, 237 f . 

 tracks of, 191 f. 

 (See Cyclonic storms). 

 Strahan, on Proterozoic glacial ion in Xor\va.\-, 292, 293 

 Strands at Anima.s, 70 



Disemboque, 6(3 

 of Otero Lake, 39 ff. 

 Stump analyses, 123 ff. 

 Sugar pine, curve of growth, 133 

 Sun (see Solar radiation; Solar theory; Sun spots, etc.), 



236 

 Sunlight, effect upon tree growth, 134 f. 

 Sun-spot cycle and climate, 119 f. 



relation to climate, 4, 237 

 Sun-spots, and terrestrial temperature, 251 ff. 

 compared with rainfall, 119 f. 



temperature, 120 

 wheat prices in England, 239 f. 

 relation to cyclones, 237 f. 

 storms, 237 f. 

 temperatures, 237 

 tree growth, 238, 250 

 S win ton, A. H., 239 

 Sykes, G., 62 

 Syria, comparison with Arizona, 21 



Tabasco, ruins in, 217 



Table Moimtain series, 269, 277, 286, 287, 290, 291 



Talchir formation, 267 



Tananarive, Madagascar, changes of temperature at, 247 



Tanke Verde, ruins at, 52 



Tasmania, tillites of, 268, 276 



Tecax, rainfall, 178 



vegetation, 179 

 Tectonic theory of terraces, 28 ff. 

 Temperature: 



Annual march of mean in world, 253 



In California compared with sun-spots, 120 



Effect of solar on terrestrial, 241 ff. 



volcanoes on, 2.50 ff. 

 Fluctuation of, during glacial ])eriods, 285 

 Of San Diego compared with sun-spots, 120 

 Reduction of, 287 



In Glacial period, 242 

 Relation to sun-spots, 237 

 Temples (see Religious structures). 

 "Tepetate,"98, 100 

 Terenate, trinchera of, 70 

 For agricultiu'e, 68 ff. 

 Terraces, 19 f. 



Artificial, for agriculture, 60 

 Climatic hypothesis of, 23 ff., 31 

 Correlation of, 35 

 For agriculture, 68 ff. 

 In Guatemala, 212 ff. 



Mexico, 99 ff. 

 Numbers of, 35 

 Of rock vs. gravel, 29 

 Tesuque, 44 

 Tulerosa Valley, 45 f . 

 Verde River, 44 _ 

 Processes of formation, 28 ff. 

 Relation to glacial periods, 35 f. 

 local topography, 30 

 man, 43 ff. 

 Structure of, 27 

 Wide distribution of, 26 f., 34 



Tertiary, mountain-making in, 284 

 Tesuque, N. Mex.: 



Ruins and terraces, 44 

 Type of pottery, 44 

 Tethys, 283, 287, 288 

 Tewa Indians, 44 



Abandonment of Jemez Plateau, 91 

 Tezcuco Lake, evidences of change of climate, 95 ff. 

 Thompson, E. H., cited, 183, 210 

 Thorcau, 76 



Thunder showers in .\rizona, 1 1 

 Tikal, location of, 217 



ruins of, 186, 229 

 Tillites, 267 



Of China, 269, 271, 272, 285, 294, 295 

 Tills, 265, 267 

 Tilting of earth's crust: 



Effect on terraces, 28 f. 

 In Mexico, 99 

 ■'Times," El Paso, 138 

 Tolman, C. P., cited, 24 

 Toltec Station, 58 



Topographic changes, effect of, on climate, 289 

 Topography in relation to climate, 15 ff. 

 Torquemada, cited, 96, 97, 208 

 Torridonian formation, 272, 285 

 Tortolita Mountains, 17, 54 

 Trade winds, effect upon malaria, 21() 

 Traditions of migration, 92 

 Transcaspia, sand dunes compared with those of New 



Mexico, 41 

 Tree growth: 



Accuracy of a few trees as measures of rainfall, 116 



individual tree records, 163 

 Agreement with rainfall, 116 

 And climate, limitations in use of method in climate, 



152 

 Corrected factor for longevity, 127 

 Correction for age, 117 



change in number of trees, 127 f . 

 Corrective factor for age, 124 ff. 

 Curves for trees in United States, 133 

 Degree of accuracy in measuring climate, 109 

 Effect of accidents upon, 124 



seasonal distribution, 164 

 500-year curve of, 115 

 Formula for reduction to rainfall, 163 

 In Guatemala, 211 

 Interpretation of curves of, 140 

 Mathematical relation to rainfall, 113 ff. 

 Methods of measuring, 103 f., 123, 142 f. 

 Numerical relation to rainfall, 167 

 Reasons for assigning variations to climatic causes, 



135 f. 

 Relation to accidents, 132 



conservation factor, 165 fT. 

 season of precipitation, 151 

 sun-spots, 238, 250 

 volcanoes, 252 

 Trees: 



Age of oldest species, 139 



.Annual growth of, at Prescott, Ariz., 107, 108 



As a means of chronology, 34 



measurers of chronology, 73 

 Causes of variations in rate of growth, 123 f. 

 Rate of growth of long-lived vs. short-lived, 126 

 Triassic : 



Climate of, 280 

 Cool period in, 287 

 Coral reefs in, 280 

 Critical for ammonites, 280 

 Faunas of, 280 

 Floras of, 280 

 Insects of, 280 

 Trincheras of Magdalena, 67 ff. 

 Tuberculosis compared with malaria, 220 



