CORALS FROM MURRAY, COCOS-KEELING, AND FANNING ISLANDS. 143 



Diploastrea heliopora (Lamarck). 

 Plate 59, figures 5, 5a, Dana's type of Astma patula. 

 1816. Astrea heliopora Lamarck, Hist. nat. Anim. sans Vert., p. 265. 

 1846. Astraa glaucopsis Dana, U. S. Expl. Exped., Zooph., p. 208, plate 10, figs. 20, lb. 

 1846. Astrea patula Dana, U. S. Expl. Exped., Zooph., p. 209, plate 10, figs. 14, 14,2-14,.. 

 1904. Orbicella minikoiensis Gardiner, Fauna and Geog. Maldive and Laccadive Arch vol 2 p 774 



plate 63, fig. 35. 

 1907. Orbicella minikoiensis Vaughan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 32, p. 252. 

 1914. Diploastrea heliopora Matthai, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 2d ser., Zool., vol. 17, p. 72, plate 20. 



figs. 7, 8; plate 34, fig. 9. 



Dana's type of A strata {Orbicella) glaucopsis is No. 3, U. S. National Museum, 

 and lus type of Astrcea {Orbicella) patula is No. 16, U. S. National Museum. The 

 type of the former, although a broken segment of a large head, is so completely 

 typical for D. heliopora that no notes on it are necessary. Dana's type of the 

 latter is represented by plate 59, figures 5, z,a. Mr. Matthai directed my atten- 

 tion to this being a synonym of D. heliopora. It differs from typical specimens 

 of the species by having less exsert septal margins and somewhat thicker septa. 



Distribution.— French Somaliland; Minikoi; New Britain; Fiji Islands. This 

 is a widely distributed Indo-Pacific species. Matthai apparently translated 

 Lamarck's "Mer australes" as Australia; but Lamarck probably meant "South 

 Seas." I know of no trustworthy record of the species from Australia, but as it 

 has been found in the Indian Ocean to the west and in the Pacific Ocean to the 

 east of Australia, it almost certainly occurs there. 



MADREPORARIA PERFORATA. 



Family EUPSAMMIIDiE Milne Edwards and Haime. 



Genus DENDROPHYLLIA de Blainville. 



1830. Dendrophyllia de Blainville, Diet. Sci. nat., vol. 60, p. 319. 

 1850. Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards and Haime, Brit. foss. Cor., p. liii. 

 i860. Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards, Hist. nat. Corall., vol. 3, p. 112. 



Type species: Madrepora ramea Linnaeus. 



This, the first species referred to the genus by de Blainville, was designated as 

 the type species by Milne Edwards and Haime in 1850. 



Dendrophyllia nigrescens Dana. 



Plate 60, figures I, la, specimen from Murray Island. 



1846. Dendrophyllia nigrescens Dana, U. S. Expl. Exped., Zooph., p. 387, pi. 30 [should be 27), figs. 1, ia-i/. 

 i860. Cccnopsammia nigrescens Milne Edwards, Hist. nat. Corall., vol. 3, p. 129. 



The specimens collected by Dr. Mayer are about typical. This species is repre- 

 sented in the U. S. National Museum by purchased specimens from "Australia." 

 It may form colonies 2 or 3 feet in height, the basal part becoming correspondingly 

 thickened. 



Station, Murray Island. — Northwest side, depth 18 fathoms, rocky bottom. 



Distribution. — Red Sea; Seychelles (Milne Edwards); Murray Island; Fiji 

 Islands (Dana's types); southern Philippines (Steere, U. S. Nat. Mus. collection). 



Dendrophyllia willeyi (Gardiner). 

 Plate 60, figures 4, 4a, specimen from Cocos-Keeling Islands. 

 1899 Casnopsammia willeyi Gardiner, Willey's Zool. Results, pt. 4, p. 359, plate 34. 

 1910. Ccenopsammia willeyi Wood Jones, Coral and Atolls, p. 85, text-fig. 22. 



As Gardiner has given a good description of this species, only a few annota- 

 tions need be made here. The maximum diameter of the large calices is 10 mm. 



