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farms. On one of tlu'so f.-inns wo aro iiiakiiijr a net profit of $75 an aero. Tho 

 iiuin who owns the farm is doins that. Professor Dugpir will tell you that 

 that farm has made an impression on the community in wliich it is located; and 

 it is chaugiuR farm jtractice there in a remarkable manner. So I want to 

 enforce that difference l)etween a demonstration farm and a demonstration 

 station or demonstration plat. 



I wish that I had time to give you the reason we have develoi)ed certain types 

 of farminj; in the South. That will fiet to you throuf^h th«' retrular channels, 

 sometime. On the particular farm referred to ho;;s are raised on alfalfa. Itut the 

 rule is to feed the hofrs 1 to - per c«'nt of his live weight in corn i)er day. When 

 tile alfalfa is at its best the hog receives 1 per cent of his weight in t-orn a day ; 

 hut if the air.iH'a pasture runs low. it is 1' per <-eut. The hogs are ready for the 

 S(mtliern market almost any time, but for the Cliirago market they would need a 

 little fattennig period later. They are iimducing the iiogs at not over 2 cents per 

 jMnuid, and tlu-y sell them at '> leiits. With corn at sn cents a i)usliel, they made 

 $7;") an acre for the alfalfa. That is a demonstration farm for which I'rofessor 

 Duggar and M. A. Crosby of my othce and myself are responsible. 



I believe that it was Director Jordan who spoke about tln' advisability of a 

 man assuming the responsibility of advising regarding tlu' business mauagt'ment 

 of a farm. I .iust want to offer this suggestion in that conuecti(»n, and one or 

 two of my colleagues in the Department have made the same suggestion. I 

 should hesitate to prescribe medicine for a sick man. but 1 know people who 

 would not: people who have paid particidar attention to that thing, and make 

 it their business. Most experiment station men have not matle a special study 

 of the liusine.ss side of farming, and perhaps they should not; because we need 

 scmie men who are going to dig deep into nature and learn new facts, and a 

 man who is busy and loading himself \\\) with the responsibilities of the business 

 management of farms is going to find his investigational work seriously inter- 

 fered with ; but it is possible for a man to devote himself to the business man- 

 agement of farms, and you will find that there are principles involved there, 

 just as there are in the application of fertilizers. There are principles involved 

 in the business management of the farm which a few yeai's" study will develoji, 

 so that a man will, if he devotes his time to it, be able to outline a cropping 

 system for the farmer. To do that a man must study ; a man nuist tirst become 

 familiar with the types of farming that have proven particularly successful in a 

 given section of the country. That can be done and is being done. When we 

 have learned that, we find that the principles are comparatively simple. We 

 find, too, that the farmer, the man who is making a preeminent success, who is 

 getting rich off of a small farm, is almost invariably a book farmer. I have 

 not found a single exception to that yet. But the converse of that is not true. 

 I have found some book farmers who are not getting rich on their farms. By 

 book farmers I mean they are men who understand a good deal of the science of 

 agriculture, and are making use of that science in their work. 



Now, the otfice of farm management burdens itself with the business side 

 of farming. We have found in our study of farms and farmers that one of 

 the most important phases of the business management of the farm is the 

 understanding and application of scientific principles in the production of 

 crops, in the handling of soil, and in the feeding and management of live 

 stock. We are making an attempt- to compel the farmer to adopt scientific 

 principles. The results you men are securing in your investigations in the 

 experiment stations we are trying to force the farmer to adopt in his work. 

 Now, we find through the country, in some sections much more than others, 

 that there are farmers who have adopted the results of your studies, and 

 have worked out that important problem, fully as difficult in many cases as 



