25 



the How Irom the ])uiiii) tliviiled between iive furrows, requiring' three 

 an<l one-half liours to run through them. The pump will irrigate 

 one acre in ten liours. Handmade canvas hose is employed for 

 carrying the water down hill, under very light pressure, ^^uslin 1 

 yard in width is cut u|) into three strips, each of which is made into 

 a hose, which is then dipped in a mixture of coal tar and oil.. The 

 water is admitted by short hose to the ends of V-shaped wooden 

 troughs, from which it is admitted to the furrows ])y means of adjust- 

 able sliiling gates. (See fig. 1.) The troughs are l)uilt of 1 by 5 and 

 1 byO inch boards nailed together and provided with IJ-incli holes. 

 There are three holes in these troughs for every two furrows, the inter- 

 mediate one being u.sed to supply additional water to either furrow 

 should it be necessary. 



Onions are seldom irrigated. In dry weather celery is irrigated 

 every two weeks, receiving, at most, three irrigations per season. 

 Straw^berries usually receive one irrigation per season. In 1<)()2 irri- 

 gation saved the entire straw- 



berry crop from destruction. 

 In 1905 without irrigation 3 

 acres of strawberries yielded 

 22,000 quarts, which sold for 

 S2,200. In 1903 irrigated 

 strawberries produced a fine 

 crop, while unirrigated berries 

 were a failure. In dry sea- 

 sons the same thing is true of 

 celery. 



No. 22. David Astle, of 

 Cumberland County, irrigates l.G acres of lanil from two wells 6 

 inches and 3 inches in diameter and 47 feet deep, which were bored 

 by a hydraulic process. The. 6-inch well cost $168 and the 3-inch 

 well $1-35 per foot, or $62. Surrounding the wells is a brick pit 8 

 feet in diameter and 16 feet deep, dug at a cost of $25. The brick 

 walls are laid 4 inches thick, the brick costing $30. The total cost of 

 the plant w^as $1,200. The water stands 23 feet below the ground 

 level, and is hardly lowered by pumping. The water-bearing stratum 

 consists of coarse sand and gravel. 



The 6-inch well has a strainer 16 feet long and the 4-inch well a 

 strainer 3 feet long. A 5-horsepower gasoline engine drives, through 

 a countershaft, two double-acting power pumps at 35 revolutions 

 per minute. One of these pumps has the suction side directly con- 

 nected to the casing of the 3-inch well and the other pump has 

 its suction pipe inside the 6-inch casing. The pumps deliver water 

 into the same discharge pipe, which is 3 inches in diameter and 300 

 feet in length. The w^ater is raised 44 feet above the ground level 



Fig. 1.— Sliding gate in flume. 



