518 



pubescent to nearly glabrous) with longer usually subappressed 

 brownish hairs on the nerves and freely sprinkled with minute glis- 

 tening glandules, in shape lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-elliptic, ta- 

 pering from near the middle to either end, often decidedly tetragonal 

 or rhomboid, acuminate or very acute, sharply serrate with mucro- 

 nulate often deeply cut teeth (rarely with broader even subcrenate 

 teeth), the narrowed base and acuminate apex often entire, usu- 

 ally petiolulate or the distal pair sessile and decurrent, the odd 

 leaflet sessile or on a foliolate stalk and frequently pinnatifid at 

 the base, the lateral leaflets more rarely basally pinnatifid, but 

 never on the lower side in the distal pair. A common size of 

 the leaflets is 2'X 3^;', and extreme size 3>^' X i Vi (on the lower 

 leaves the leaflets are often shorter and less pointed with more 

 deeply cut narrower teeth). Interposed leaflets 2-7 pairs, fre- 

 quently subopposite, narrow, often linear-oblong, the main pair 

 dentate-serrate above the middle, the others much smaller or 

 minute, entire; not seldom a minute pair subtends a pair of 

 leaflets like a set of stipels. Stipules lanceolate to half ovate, 

 lacihiate or cut-lobed, the terminal lobe broader and acuminate 

 sometimes with one or two teeth on the inner margin. Main 

 racemes i2'-i8' long, obscurely pulverulent beneath the pubes- 

 cence, densely flowered except near the base, some of the 

 flowers often subverticillate-clustered, rarely loosely flowered, 

 erect or ascending, at maturity often declined from the weight 

 of the abundant fruit. Flower-buds mammillale; flowers 3"-5" 

 wide, shorter-pedicelled than in hirsnta, the petals more rounded, 

 mostly thicker and deeper yellow; anthers smaller with narrower 

 connective; bracts smaller and less ciliate ; bracteoles ovate, 

 short-acuminate, entire or slightly lobed. Mature fruit closely 

 reflexed against the pedicel and stem, large, 2"-^" broad, 3"- 

 4" long, rather long-turbinate, the walls thickened and much 

 indurated, strongly fluted between the deep furrows, minutely 

 puberulent-granular and with traces of appressed hairs, the furrows 

 strigose-canescent; disk becoming flat or concave, marginless ; 

 bristles numerous, short, one-quarter to one-third the length of the 

 fruit, at first ascending and erect, finally connivent in a conical 

 mass over the concealed calycular process. Sepals less acuminate 

 than in hirsnta and more canescent within the tip, the apex at ma- 

 turity scarcely hooked. The tips of the bracts, sepals and bristles 

 with the callosities tipping the teeth of the leaves early become 

 tinged with reddish-purple. Rootstock much as in hirsuta, but 

 even stouter, the long roots as in that species slightly thickened 

 throughout and not tubiferous. ('Plate 282, fig. 2.) 



Roadsides and borders of woods, flowering from the end of 

 June to late in August. Usually forming close colonies or com- 

 pact groups. 



