531 



Series FUNGI of the Phylum THALLOPHYTA. 



Class PHYCOMYCETES (Algal-fungi).* 

 Order Chytridiales. (Algal parasites). 

 Order Mucorales. (Moulds). 

 Order Entomophthorales. (Insect parasites.) 

 Order Saprolegniales. (Aquatic moulds.) 

 Order Peronosporales. (Downy mildews.) 



Class ASCOMYCETES. (Spore-sac fungi.) 

 Order Hemiascales. 

 Order Protoascales. (Yeast fungi.) 

 Order Gymnoascalfs. (Plum pockets.) 

 Order Perisporiales. (Powdery mildews, etc.) 



Order HYPOCREALES.f 

 Order Sphaeriales. 

 Order Dothideales. 

 Order Laboulbeniales J 

 Order Tuberales. (Truffles.) 

 Order Hysteriales. 

 Order Phacidiales. ) 

 Order Pezizales. j 

 Order Helvellales. 



Black-fungi (Pyrenomycetes). 



Cup-fungi (Discomycetes). 

 (Morels, etc.) 

 (Fungi Imperfecti.)§ 



Order Hyphales. (Hyphomycetes.) 



Order Melanconiales. 



Order Sphaeropsidales. (Spot fungi.) 



* Fischer's arrangement of these forms in the order of their simplicity of reproduc- 

 tion and structure seems highly satisfactory. The first order forms the sub-class 

 Archimycetes, with usually asexual methods of reproduction. The second and third 

 form the Zygomycetes, their sexual reproduction being by conjugation. The last two 

 orders form the Oomycetes in which sexual reproduction is sufficiently differentiated, 

 so that the egg forms the passive as the antherid forms the active element. 



f It is with some misgivings that this group is left as a coordinate group with the 

 next, since it differs from it chiefly in the color and consistency of the stroma. 



\ This remarkable group, whose development is one of the triumphs of American 

 botany, is surely worthy of ordinal rank. It is remarkable that only one of the au- 

 thors quoted, mentions this extensive group, and then only as"an " Anhang " to the 

 Pyrenomycetes. And still there are Germaniacs among American botanists who con- 

 tinue to claim that American botany is nothing. 



§ This unfortunate group is the bite noir of the systematist. That some of these 

 forms are not now connected with any ascigerous form is certain. That a considerable 

 number of them have always had a complete autonomy is highly probable. 



