278 



species o{ Juglans. Rafinesque was the first to record an opinion 

 that they form a distinct genus and the name he proposed this 

 should bear must certainly stand. His opinion is now shared by all. 



I do not know which of the old masters was the first to refer 

 to these trees. Loudon says that the Eastern Shag-bark was in- 

 troduced in English gardens in 1629. Parkinson states on page 

 1414 of his Theatrum Botanicum (1640), alluding to this tree as 

 " Nux jfiiglans alba Virginiensis, the White Walnut of Virginia. 

 The tree hereof groweth more upright and spreadeth lesse (he is 

 comparing it with the real walnuts), the leaves are alike and the 

 nut smaller, much thicker and whiter in the outer, hard shell 

 than any of the former sort, and the kernel within much lesse 

 also, but white and as sweete." Plukenet's Almagestrum Botan- 

 icum (1696) p. 264, indicates four kinds as known to him: 



(i). Nux Juglans Virginiana folius vulgaris siinilis, fructu 

 subrotundo, cortice diiriore Icevi. The Hickory or White Virgin- 

 ian Walnut. Haec est ilia nux quam nostrates vocant the Hick- 

 ery, seu Pickhickery Nut; cujus nucleis lac confident, Indi quod 

 vocant Hickery Milk. He refers to Parkinson's description above 

 quoted. This description appears to have been applied to the 

 Eastern Shag-bark. 



(2). Nux Juglans Virginiana alba ^ninor, fructo nucis inos- 

 cJiatm siinili, cortice glabra, surnmo fastigio veluti in aculeum pro- 

 ducto. He figures the nut on Plate 309, fig. 2, a and b, repre- 

 senting that of the Small-fruited Hickory. 



(3). Nux Juglans Virgi7iiana alba, fructu parvo anguloso 

 cortice Icevi. Represented on the same plate, fig. 2, c, being a 

 small nut of the Eastern Shag-bark. 



(4). Nux Juglans angulosa major, A mericana, fructu longiore, 

 cortice albo Icevi, sunimo vertice niucronata. He figures both the 

 foliage and the nut of this species (figs. 2 and 2 d), guesses that 

 it came from New England, and, although he says that the seed 

 is very bitter, I can only associate it with the Balsam Hickory. 



Miller's Gardener's Dictionary (1731) rcognized, however, 

 only two of those described by Plukenet, still under Nux Juglans, 

 remarking that "the Virginian sorts are preserved as rarities by 

 such persons who are curious in collecting the several sorts of 

 trees." 



