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BULLETIN UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 



11.) The cones are considerably larger than in the latter, and there are 

 six scales that bear seeds, instead of four. Other common names for 

 the giant arbor-vitae are red cedar and cedar. The leaves on the side 

 branches are opposite, scalelike, about one-eighth of an inch long. They 

 overlap very closely, and fall usually in the third year. The cones are 

 one-half an inch long and ripen the first season. The bark (Fig. 11) is 

 one-half to three inches thick, and is irregularly divided into broad ridges 

 which have long shredded scales. The tree is said to resist fires fairly 

 well, and can tolerate shade. It is not frequent in Montana, and is con- 

 fined to moist situations on the western slopes of the Rocky mountains in 



Fig. 12. Growth of young Rocky Mountain Junipers on the bank of 

 Flathead lake, near the O'Brien mill. Photo by M. J. E. 



the northwestern part of the state. It reaches its greatest development 

 on the Pacific coast. 



The Rocky mountain juniper, (Junipers scopulorum Sarg.) : The 

 Rocky mountain juniper is called frequently cedar or red cedar. It re- 

 sembles its eastern relative (Juniperus Virginiana Linn.) though the fruit 

 is larger and matures in two years instead of one. The leaves are oppo- 

 site and do not overlap so closely as in the giant arbor-vitae. The bark is 

 about one-half an inch thick and has thin shreddy scales. The cones, 

 commonly known as "juniper berries," bear two or three seeds. This tree 

 is common on the borders of Flathead lake, (Fig. 12.) and is found in vari- 

 ous parts of the state. 



