igi6] SHERFF—BIDF.XS 499 



involucral bracts (cf. Linn. I.e., "calycibus frondosis") and "HU 4, 

 frondosa" is written on the sheet. 3 Pinned with this sheet is a 

 second sheet having a plant without label, but which is coarser and 

 has about 14 exterior involucral bracts on the largest head. The 

 third specimen is among the Horlns Cliffortianus specimens and 

 matches the first specimen, even to having the same elongate foliose 

 type of exterior bracts. Linnaeus clearly had the first or the third 

 specimen, and probably both, in mind when he drew up his descrip- 

 tion of B. frondosa for the Species Plantarum. The second specimen 

 is probably B. valgoid Greene, but it is not labeled, and has no his- 

 torical significance. The fourth specimen is the one formerly in 

 Vaillant's private herbarium. This last matches the two labeled 

 Linnaean specimens perfectly. Bearing, as it does, in Vaillant's 

 own handwriting, the early names 4 afterward cited by Linnaeus as 

 synonyms for B. frondosa, it shows that Vaillant, himself a student 

 of the genus Bidens, likewise understood this species to be the 

 smaller headed, fewer bracted, less robust form (and not the B. 

 vulgata of Greene). 



Bidens chinensis Willd. Sp. Plant. 3:1719. 1800. — Bidens 

 pilosa L. var. B Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 13. 610. 1774; Agrimonia 

 molucca, Rumph. amb. 6:38. pi. 15. fig. 2. 1750; Chrysanthemum 

 chinensc, etc., Plukenet, Phytograph. pi. 22. fig. 4. 1691; idem 

 Almag. Bot. 100 (excl. syn.). 1696; Bidens cicutaefolia Tausch, 

 Flora 19:395- 1836. 



Recently, O. E. Schulz (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 50: Suppl. 176. 1914) 

 has presented a good historical summary of this species with a com- 

 prehensive mass of synonomy. He shows clearly that the name 

 chinensis harmonizes in its application with the chinense of Pluke- 

 net given over a century before. Evidently, however, he was 

 unaware that the plate of Plukenet's Phytographia (loc. cit.) was 

 the identical plate cited in 1836 by Tausch (Flora, loc. cit.) as 

 the basis for Bidens cicutaefolia; and that thus one of Tausch's 



3 Dr. B. Daydon Jackson, of the Linnaean Herbarium, assures me that "HU" 

 was used by Linnaeus to indicate that the plant was raised "in Horto Upsalensi." 



* I am indebted to Professor P. Danguy (of the Herb. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris) for 

 comparisons made with Vaillant's known writing to verify the authenticity of these 

 names. An extra label on the sheet " Bidens frondosa L." was written, according to 

 Professor Danguy, by Lamarck. 



