92 



BuLivr;TiN 86 



in a nine-hour day, which is an exceptional record. In May, 1916, 

 near Tucson, two experienced pipe makers, working on a contract, 

 made 200 to 220 feet of 12-inch pipe or 110 feet of 16-inch pipe per 

 eight-hour day. Later, at the same place, one man with two in- 

 experienced helpers made 12-inch pipe at the rate of 180 feet per 

 day. About the same time and only a few miles away, another pipe 

 crew brought from Los Angeles was making 1000 feet of 18-inch 

 pipe. The making required ten days, partly on account of the ex- 



Fig. 14. — Pipe molds for hand-tamped cement pipe. 



treme heat, though the foreman stated that, ordinarily, a crew 

 should make 220 feet per day. On the University campus consider- 

 able 8-inch pipe is used from time to time. It is made by two 

 workmen who turn out 100 to 120 feet per eight hours. 



It is apparent, therefore, that no uniformity in the rate of pipe 

 making by hand exists, and standards cannot be safely set. One 

 pipe maker may accomplish twice as much as another. In case a 

 farmer purchases forms and makes his own pipe, as sometimes oc- 



