490 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY [Vol. 10, 



are setaceous, or broader and striate. The flowers are racemose, the 

 racemes are either terminal, Math or without smaller racemes in the upper 

 axils, or apparently opposite the leaves, or rarely axillary. The individual 

 flowers are usually in clusters of 2-6 at each node of the peduncle. The 

 calyx is campanulate, furnished with a more or less developed disk; the 

 lobes are five; either subequal or the lowest one longer, the upper two usually 

 more or less united. The petals are clawed; the blade of the banner is sub- 

 orbicular, more or less sericeous without; the blades of the wings are oblong 

 or obliquely obovate, slightly coherent with the keel, with a more or less 

 developed basal auricle; the keel-petals are more strongly lunate with a 

 larger basal auricle. The stamens are usually partly monadelphous, the 

 uppermost filament at first free from the staminal sheath at the base, adnate 

 to it at the middle, and often separating from it later. The ovary is sessile, 

 many-ovuled, the styles inflexed or incurved, somewhat horny at the base, 

 most commonly glabrous, the stigma terminal. The pod is sessile, flat, 

 2-valved, many-seeded. 



Illustration: Plate XXXIII B. Cracca virginiana L., X 2/3; 1. calyx, 

 2. staminal sheath, 3. pistil, 4. banner, 5. wing, 6. keel-petal, 7. pod, X i; 

 8. pod in cross-section, 9. seed, X 2. 



The genus was first established in Linnaeus' Flora Zeylanica 1747. The 

 first species described both in this book and in Species Plantarum is C. villosa, 

 which must be regarded as the type. 



Synonyms : 



Brissonia Neck. Elem. 3 : 36. 1790. No type was given, but the genus was 

 based on "some species of Galega L." [Necker's reference indicated 

 the 14th edition of Linnaeus' Systema Vegetabilium.] The first botanist 

 to assign species in the genus was Desvaux (Jour. Bot. 3: 78. 1814), 

 who proposed B. trapesicarpa, B. stipularis, and B. coronillaefolia, but 

 none of these are found in Linnaeus' work named above. De Candolle 

 (Prod. 2: 249. 1825) adopted Brissonia as a section under Tephrosia. 

 Of this section apparently T. toxicaria Pers. should be regarded as the 

 type. 



Reineria Moench, Meth. Suppl. 44. 1802. Type: R. reflexa. 



Thephrosia Pers. Syn. PI. 2: 328. 1807. It was based on 39 species, with- 

 out definite type. The first species is T. filifolia, but the type ought to 

 be sought in the second and larger division with pinnate leaves. 



Kiesera Reinw. Syll. PI. Nov. 2: 11. 1828. Type: K. sericea Reinw., 

 which is supposed to be the same as Tephrosia Candida DC. 



Apodynomene E. Meyer, Conn. PI. Afr.Aust. in. 1835. Type: E. grandi- 

 flora (Pers.) E. Meyer, based on Tephrosia grandiflora Pers. This is 

 the first and best known species. 



Catacline Edgew. Jour. As. Soc. Beng. 16: 12 14. 1847. Type: C. sericea 

 Edgew. 



Macronyx Dalz. Hook. Kew Jour. 2 : 35. 1850. Type: M. strigosus, which 

 is close to if not identical with Tephrosia tenuis Wall. Perhaps this 

 should be excluded from the synonyms of Cracca. 



