442 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY [Vol. 10, 



Department of Botany at Columbia University, under the observation of 

 Professor R. A. Harper, and one (S no. i) at the University of Missouri under 

 the care of Professor G. M. Reed. Both plants made vigorous growth and 

 bloomed profusely, but neither plant produced a single capsule during the 

 entire period of bloom of the season of 1917. In 1918 the plant at Missouri 

 suffered severely from drought, and its failure to set any seed that year is 

 not to be considered as adequate evidence of complete self-incompatibility. 



The short-styled plant at Columbia University thrived and in the course 

 of its season of bloom in 1918 produced 17 pods. Ten of these contained 

 only mere rudiments of seeds, two contained one good seed (plump and 

 apparently fully developed) each, three had two good seeds each, one had 

 seven seeds, and one had eight. Sixteen of these 23 seeds germinated. In 

 the following year (1919) this plant bloomed more abundantly than in the 

 previous year and produced at least 5000 flowers, and during the entire 

 season 161 pods matured. The seeds in 100 of these pods were counted; the 

 number per pod ranged to 116, and the average was 23.67 (see table 1). 

 This plant grew poorly in 1920, when its roots were separated to make two 

 plants. In 192 1 these thrived, and there was abundant bloom but only 

 about 25 pods were produced. The irregular pod production by this plant 

 may involve one or more of several conditions; possibly in 1919 insects may 

 have brought pollen from a distance from plants of this species growing in 

 city parks, or the irregularity may involve the presence or absence of certain 

 insects that are most efficient in causing self-pollination. 



Long-styled Plants Grown in Isolation. A long-styled plant (L no. 1) 

 was grown at Baraboo, Wisconsin, under the care of Mr. William Toole, Sr., a 

 well known pansy specialist. Plants of the variety rosea were also growing 

 in the nursery at some distance away, so that some of the seed produced by 

 the plant L no. 1 may have been due to cross-pollination by insects. But 

 another long-styled plant (L no. 2) was grown in what was certain isolation 

 at Pleasantville, N. Y., under the care of Dr. M. A. Howe. Capsules were 

 produced by both these plants. Of the 65 capsules on L no. 1 in 19 17, 16 

 contained no seeds, 17 contained one seed each, and the highest number of 

 seeds in any capsule was 17. In 191 7 a total of 53 capsules matured on the 

 plant L no. 2. As shown in table 1, the number of seeds per capsule for 

 this plant was also low, although all but three of the capsules contained 

 some fully matured seeds. 



In 1918 both plants produced capsules quite as in 1917, but the capsules 

 on L no. 2 were somewhat more numerous than in the previous year though 

 still constituting a small proportion of the entire number of flowers. 



The capsules produced by these two plants were distributed irregularly 

 but rather indiscriminately throughout the flowering branches. Self- 

 fertilization appeared to be effected with the same frequency and efficiency 

 throughout the flowering period. No very decided seasonal differences 

 appeared in respect to the proportional number of flowers which matured 



