THE ALUMNI JOURNAL. 



275 



BOTANY. 



PHARMACOGNOSY OF SOME RARE BARKS. 



(Continued from September issue.) 



8. Cortex Terminaliae Trejinae. The 

 bark is quilled ; its outer surface is dark 

 brown and uneven, while the inner sur- 

 face is of the same color, and striped 

 longitudinally. Remnants of the peri- 

 derm are present. The parenchyma of 

 the primary bark is composed of thin- 

 walled, almost quadratic cells, between 

 which a few bast fibers occur. Stone- 

 cells are absent in the entire bark. The 

 bast fibers of the secondary bark are 

 mostly united into bundles. The lac- 

 tiferous ducts are irregularly distributed. 

 The medullary rays are composed of 

 from 2 to 6 rows of cells, and extend in- 

 to the primary bark, which contain tan- 

 nin and starch. — 9. Cortex Micheliae 

 nilagaricae. The pieces of this bark are 

 flat, and, in young bark, covered with a 

 thin, dirty-white outer bark ; older pieces 

 possess a much thicker outer bark. The 

 periderm consists of several layers of 

 cork tissue, between which sclerenchy- 

 matous tissue, parenchyma, cribriform 

 ducts, and small groups of bast fibers oc- 

 cur. Stone-cells predominate. The 

 primary bark consists of thin-walled par- 

 enchymatous tissue, containing many 

 groups of stone-cells. Bast fibers are 

 here but little represented. In the sec- 

 ondary bark the latter are grouped into 

 bundles, which traverse the whole tissue 

 in regular rows, interrupted only by the 

 medullary rays. The bast bundles are 

 inclosed by stone-cells. Resin and oil- 

 cells are present in the bark. Starch 

 granules are contained in the parenchyma 

 and in the medullary rays, and tannin in 

 the center. — 10. Cortex Morae excelsae. 

 The only specimen of this bark accessible 

 to the author was quilled, and had, on 

 its outer surface, a chocolate-brown layer 

 of Cork. This piece was remarkable for 



its high specific gravity. The cork layer 

 consisted of about 25 rows of sclerenchy- 

 matous cells. Next came thephellogen, 

 and then the primary bark. In the latter 

 could be seen groups of stone-cells of 

 various dimensions. The bast fibers 

 were also grouped in bundles. In the 

 secondary bark the bast bundles are ar- 

 ranged in tangential order, accompanied 

 by long crystalline fibers. Stone-cells 

 were here less numerous than in the 

 primary bark. The medullary rays 

 were entwined, and consisted of from 2 

 to 3 rows of cells ; they contained tannin 

 and starch granules. Resin cells, with 

 brown contents soluble in ether and in 

 alcohol, were found distributed through- 

 out the bark. — 11. Cortex Alchorneae 

 Iricuronae. The flat pieces of bark are 

 covered by a slightly fissured cork layer. 

 Sclerenchymatous tissue prevails in the 

 whole bark. In the periderm, layers of 

 cork-cells alternate with parenchyma, 

 the latter containing groups of stone- 

 cells. But few remnants of the primary 

 bark are visible. Very large groups of 

 stone cells occur in the secondary bark, 

 having the same general arrangement 

 that occurs in the parenchyma of the 

 periderm. The bast bundles are small. 

 The medullary rays consist of two rows 

 of cells, and contain starch granules and 

 tannin. This bark contains tannin in 

 considerable quantities. — 12. Cortex 

 Hymenodyctii oborati. The quilled 

 pieces possess, on their outer surface, 

 numerous whitish, lenticular markings, 

 and upon their inner surface dark dots. 

 The periderm is composed of from 15 to 

 20 rows of quadratic cork cells. The 

 parenchyma of the primary bark consists 

 of nearly quadratic, thin-walled cells, 

 which surround bundles of stone-cells ; 

 the latter form an uninterrupted ring on 

 the border ot the secondary bark. The 

 bast bundles usually occur isolated, but 

 sometimes also in small groups. In the 



