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CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 60 



Top of head, snout, lower jaw, orbitals, maxillary, lower 

 two -thirds of opercle and preopercle naked; cheeks 

 scaled: eye large, with membranous eyelid to posterior 

 edge of pupil in specimens six or eight inches long, not 

 conspicuous in young examples. Snout equal to eye, twice 

 width of preorbital; lower jaw entering profile; maxil- 

 lary reaching to posterior edge of orbit. Teeth strong, 

 in a single row; lower teeth close together, with two 

 canines in front; upper teeth larger, the distance between 

 them irregular, not much enlarged anteriorly; vomer, 

 palatines and tongue with exceedingly small villiform 

 teeth. Gill-rakers hardly half eye, 4+13- Breast 

 scaled; curved part of lateral line, iyi in straight part; 

 scutes large, about 30; scales, 80. 



Color, silvery, bluish above with golden reflections 

 below; a dark band along plates of lateral line; fins 

 largely yellow, dorsal, anal and caudal, broadly edged 

 with black; a distinct small black spot at upper end of 

 gill-opening; a dark blotch on opercle, and one behind 

 pectoral. 



Body more elongate than in Caranx latus, the fin rays 

 fewer, the eye larger and the coloration more yellow, 

 with more black on the fins. 



86. Caranx latus Agassiz. 



Occasionally taken in the bay at Mazatlan, and gener- 

 ally distributed throughout the waters of the tropical 

 Pacific and West Indies. We are unable to distinguish 

 the specimens from the west coast of Mexico from the 

 common West Indian form. 



87. Caranx hippos (Linnaeus). Toro. 



Very common in the sea about Mazatlan, occasionally 

 entering the estuary. A food fish of some importance, 

 reaching the length of two or three feet. We are unable 



