GILBERT AND STARKS — FISUES OF PANAMA HAV 119 



lino. The enumeration of scales in current descriptions (70 and (So) is based on 

 the vertical series above the lateral line. 



The spinous dorsal is shorter than in any other species of the genus, contain- 

 ing constantly 8 spines, of which the first is short, firmly attached to the second, and 

 the eighth usually ailnate to the back. The pectorals reach to or nearly to the 

 vertical from the tips of the ventrals. 



220. Cynoscion othonopterus .Ionian <fc Gilbert. 

 Obtained at Panama by Gilbert (Jordan, 1885, p. IW:]); not seen by others. 



221. Cynoscion reticulatus (Giinther). 



CORBINA RALLADA. 



Abundant; not reaching a large size. 



222. Cynoscion albus {Giinther). 



CORBINA AMARILLA. 



Abundant at Panama, reaching a large size, specimens 220 cm. long coming 

 frequently to the market. This species and C. stolzmanni reach the largest size, and are 

 the most imj)ortant food-fishes of the genus at Panama. C. albtis is readily distinguished 

 from other Panama species by the nearly naked dorsal and anal, the lanceolate 

 caudal, the large scales, and the long pectorals. From 0. stolzmanni, it is addi- 

 tionally distinguished by the wider head, the blunt snout, with its decurvcd upper 

 profile, by the longer, slenderer caudal peduncle and by the presence of much bra.ssy 

 yellow on the lower half of the sides, this being especially marked in adults. The 

 median caudal rays are also much more produced than in C. stolzmanni of the same 

 size, and the lateral line is more arched anteriorly. Opercle largely black on its 

 inner face. 



D. IX or X-I, 19 to 22. A. II, 8 or 9. Lateral line with 53 or 54 pores 

 (counted to base of caudal); 57 to 60 oblique rows of scales running downward and 

 backward above the lateral line. Head 31^ to 3.^ in length; maxillary 2^ in head. 

 Usually 9 movable gill-rakers on horizontal limb of arch. The sheath of scales at 

 the base of the dor.sal fin is much wider than in 0. stolzmanni. Series of scales 

 accompany the first few rays of dorsal and anal, the remainder of each fin being naked. 

 The posterior nasal opening is narrowly elliptical or ovate, much wider than in 

 C. stolzmanni. 



223. Cynoscion stolzmanni {Steindachner) . 



CORBINA BLAXCA. 



Abundant in the Panama market, reaching a length of 220 cm.; the most 

 highly prized representative of the genus at Panama. 



