Page 4 



BETTER FRUIT 



September, 1920 



nercial pack of apples showing the fruit wrapped and unwrapped for 

 exhibition purposes. 



never directly over the cheek of the 

 apple below (except, of course, where 

 necessary in the straight pack, which 

 is as little used as possible, as it is 

 very likely to bruise the fruit and cre- 

 ate a blemish). 



Oftentimes, in order to keep the 



start with two apples placed in the 

 pockets formed by the first five ap- 

 ples and space. Continue this until 

 the box is completed. 



Pear Packs. 



Pears are usually packed out in two 

 grades designated as fancy and "C" 

 grade and are packed in the standard 

 pear box, 8Y 2 inches deep, 11% 

 inches wide and 18 inches long inside 

 measurement. The outside length of 

 the box should be 19% inches. The 

 packed boxes should weigh from 50 

 to 51 pounds gross. 



In grading pears the fancy grade 

 should consist of pears that are hand- 

 picked, clean, sound and free from 

 insect pests, sunscald, scab, scale or 

 other diseases, worm holes, stings, 

 broken skin, bruised, or evidence of 

 frost by russetting, rough handling or 



Never allow the apples in the rows other serious defects, excepting rus- 



setting covering a total area not ex- 

 ceeding one inch in diameter, except- 

 ing it be upon varieties which are 

 naturally russetted more or less. 

 Slightly misshapen or slightly rubbed 

 fruit may be admitted to this grade. 



to be loose from side to side of the 



box. This does not mean that they 



should be forced in so tight as to 



bulge the sides, but just tight enough 



that there will not be a space the 



thickness of a sheet of paper between 



two-two pack from coming too high them. Make the apples fit snugly " c " grade pears consist of all fruit 



at the ends of the box on sizes rang- across the box. The next greatest which does not meet the requirements 



ing from 41 to 72, inclusive, particu- fault is not keeping the size of all OI ,ne fancy grade as to blemishes 



larly on the larger of these sizes, it the apples the same in each box. If and deformities, but which in every 



is necessary, because of the length of you do not have the size of apple on wav is sound and merchantable and 



the apple, to turn all the layers of the table that you are packing in the free from disease, 



the box so that the apples are either box either wait for more of the * n defining the regulations for 



proper size or start the size you have packing pears, the Washington state 



on the table in another box. grading rules state that the term 



Among other points for the be- "properly packed" shall refer to the 



ginner or the improperly taught to re- arrangement and the amount of pears 



member is never to load the packing in eac h box. Pears to be properly 



table with too many boxes of apples Packed shall be arranged in the box 



stem or blossom toward the top or 

 bottom. Where apples are like the 

 Wagener, or some of the other flat 

 varieties it sometimes becomes neces- 

 sary to turn a row or two at one end 

 of each layer in order not only to 



lower the ends but to fill up in length at the same time. The more apples according to approved and recognized 



the space yet left, alternating so that an d the more sizes from which to 



the rows turned with the stem or choose the apple needed adds to the 



blossom toward the top or bottom of difficulty of choice. 



the box will be on layers Nos. 1 and The three-two pack is started with 



3, on the end of the layer farthest three apples across the end of the 



from the packer. The reason for box. one in each of the corners 



turning in this way is that, until one nearest the packer and one in the 



layer is almost completed, it is hardly middle. Then place an apple in each 



possible to know how many rows °f the two pockets thus formed and 



must be turned in each layer. This 

 can be determined as the end of the 

 first layer is reached, and the same 

 number turned in each succeeding 

 layer as above stated, first at one end 

 and then the other. The reason for 

 alternating the turning of the apples 

 on each layer is that, should the 

 nearest rows on each layer and the 

 farthest be turned and the rest on 

 edge, it would make the ends too low 

 and the change from turned apples to 

 those cheeked abrupt and unsightly, 

 besides allowing the cover to rest only 

 against the cheeked apples, and allow 

 an opportunity for the flat ones to 

 become loose in the box. No definite 

 rule can be given for turning of 

 apples in this way other than may be 

 determined by trial of each variety. 

 Should more than two rows be re- 

 quired to be turned it would either 

 indicate that the packer was not mak- 

 ing the rows fit snugly across the box 

 or that the variety was decidedly flat 

 and should be packed entirely on 

 edge. 



then three in the pockets next formed 

 until the end of the layer is finished. 

 This layer may end three across or 

 two across, as the case may be, de- 

 termined by the size of the apple 

 used. However, the next layer will 



methods and all boxes shall be tightly 

 filled but the contents shall not show 

 excessive or unnecessary bruising as 

 a result of the pressure exerted in 

 lidding the box. Each packed box 

 must show a minimum bulge of one- 

 half inch on both top and bottom. 



The most largely used standard pear 

 packs are as follows: 

 Tier Row 



Five 4-4 



Five 5.4 



Five 5-5 



Five 6-5 



Four 4-4 



Four 5-4 



Four ;,-;, 



Four 6-5 



mercial pack of pes 



