Page 18 



BETTER FRUIT 



November, 1920 



will not grow on other soils, but these 

 are the types that will prove to be the 

 most profitable. 



The blackcap industry has been some- 

 what neglected on the Pacific Coast 

 as a whole. Around Newberg there is 

 quite an area of this berry being grown 

 and in the Puyallup Valley they are 

 being grown very successfully. It is a 

 lover of deep, well-drained, moist loam 

 and prefers a soil that is cool and 

 abundantly supplied with humus. In 

 the Inland Empire it thrives the best 

 where the soil is somewhat shaded and 

 kept cool by irrigation waters. The 

 system that is used in the Payette Val- 

 ley is subject to these conditions. We 

 find the general requirements quite dif- 

 ferent to those necessary for the red 

 raspberry, although the blackcap is by 

 no means confined to this one type of 

 soil. The river bottom soils of Western 

 Oregon will all grow good blackcaps. 

 It must be kept in mind that unless one 

 can maintain a proper moisture supply, 

 have good drainage and tillage that it 

 is foolish to grow the blackcaps, as 



they become small, hard and dry before 

 anything can be done with them. 



The blackberry offers an investment 

 which should receive more attention. I 

 have had cannerymen tell me repeat- 

 edly in Oregon that they could use five 

 hundred acres of blackberries if they 

 could procure them. The blackberry 

 seems to thrive much better west of the 

 Cascades than it does east. We find 

 in the lower mainland of British Co- 

 lumbia that the blackberry has proved 

 very profitable, and in the Puyallup 

 Valley the Evergreen is one of the most 

 profitable berries grown. In the Wil- 

 lamette Valley and in the Rogue River 

 Valley blackberries can be grown to a 

 wonderful degree of perfection and 

 ease, not only including such types as 

 the Kittatinny and Snider, but the bram- 

 bles types and running types, such as 

 the Mammoth and Evergreen, some of 

 the valleys of the Inland Empire pro- 

 ducing blackberries to very good ad- 

 vantage. It is fairly hardy and grows 

 well in some of the higher valleys like 

 North Powder. In Baker City I have 



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seen very luscious blackberries pro- 

 duced, and all over the Northwest more 

 berries should be grown for home con- 

 sumption. The blackberry is a great 

 feeder and demands a fertile soil, one 

 which will hold its moisture easily and 

 one that is well drained. Ordinarily 

 the clay loams are preferred for this 

 berry. If the soil is somewhat lacking 

 in plant food, stable manures or organic 

 fertilizers should be applied as the 

 plant will not grow successfully unless 

 heavily fed. 



The loganberry is found at the pres- 

 ent time succeeding on soils ranging 

 from the red hills down to the river 

 bottoms. There is a difference of opin- 

 ion as to which of these locations are 

 the preferable. The writer has found 

 splendid patches growing under all con- 

 ditions. It is certain, however, that 

 such river bottom soils as the Mission 

 bottoms of the Willamette (this name 

 is simply given to represent a type 

 which extends along the Willamette and 

 its tributaries) produce very heavy 

 loganberry patches that are long lived. 

 The loganberry should not be grown 

 where the temperature drops down to 

 the vicinity of zero or is apt to remain 

 low for any time. Unless plants are 

 protected from the cold they will not 

 thrive. While there are portions of the 

 Inland Empire along the Snake River 

 that can grow the plants without pro- 

 tection, in the greater area of that re- 

 gion the soils and the atmospheric con- 

 ditions are not of the best for this fruit. 

 They do well in the coast regions and 

 in the mountainous valleys of Western 

 Washington and Oregon. Here the 

 plant grows vigorously, is extremely 

 productive and seems to find those con- 

 ditions of soil and climate which pro- 

 duce maximum yields. 



Great stories are often told of the 

 production of gooseberries, and true it 

 is that in Western Washington and Ore- 

 gon this plant grows very luxuriantly. 

 Very often within two years after set- 

 ting the plants come into heavy bear- 

 ing and give very satisfactory results. 

 Some forms succeed better in the moun- 

 tainous valleys of Western Oregon, ow- 

 ing to the prevalence of mildew nearer 

 the Coast. The gooseberry likes cool, 

 moist conditions. It will stand a north- 

 ern exposure, more or less shade, a long 

 growing season and cool weather. There 

 are only certain types like the Red 

 Jacket that seem to do well under the 

 more or less arid conditions. What is 

 true of the gooseberry is also true of 

 the currant. Choose deep soils which 

 have an abundant supply of plant food 

 and moisture. A splendid income can 

 be secured from both of these fruits. 

 We could overdo the market if we all 

 grew gooseberries and currants, never- 

 theless, more people should become 

 interested in these fruits. 



All in all, the Pacific Northwest is 

 particularly fortunate in the ease with 

 which small fruits can be grown. These 

 industries should have had more care- 

 ful study than they now receive. The 

 possibility of by-products along these 

 lines is almost unlimited. 



BETTER FRUIT 



