18 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 1 



Most remarkable of all is the absence of any Pajnlionacece though the ' 



family is second in size only to the ComposiUr. The Papilionace(e is i 



represented in the State by 43 native species and varieties. ; 



The number of biennials given in this list is remarkably small, only two, 



and there are no annuals in it. Sixty-eight out of seventy are perennials ] 



and most persistent plants well adapted by long, deep roots and root- i 



stocks to live in poor soil which is subject to severe droughts. Most of " 

 them are admirably adapted to survival after a severe fire has burned over 

 the ground and killed the tops of the plants. 



PLANTS INDICATING A FERTILE SOIL. '. 



Acer Saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple, when the wood is solid and of fine quality. 



(Acer saccharinum Wang.) ■ 



Acer nigrum Michx. Black sugar maple. 1 



{Acer sacc?iarinuni nigrum Torr. & Gray.) * i 



Adiantum pedatum L. Maidenhair Fern. •; 



Angelica villosa (Walt.) B. S. P. Angelica. 



{Angelica hirsuta Muhl.) 



Apios Apios (L.) Mac M. Ground-nut. - ; 



{Apios tuherosa Moench.) i 



Arissema triphyllum (L.) Torr. Indian Turnip. \ 



Asplenium angustifolium Michx. Spleenwort. 



Asplenium acrostichoides Sw. Spleenwort. i 



i Asplenium thelypteroides Michx.) ■ 



Cassia Marylandica L. Wild Senna. ■; 



Collinsonia Canadensis L. Rich-weed. Stone-root. ^i 



Crataegus tomentosa L. Hawthorn. ; 



Dentaria diphylla Michx. Toothwort. Pepper-root. j 



Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Toothwort. Pepper-root. j 



Bicuculla Canadensis (Goldie) Millsp. Squirrel Corn. 



{Dicentra Canadensis DC.) ^ ? 



Bicuculla Cucullara (L.) Millsp. Dutchman's Breeches. \ 



{Dicentra Cucullaria DC.) * 



Fraxinus Americana L. White Ash. ■; 



Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue Ash. 



Hydrastis Canadensis L. Golden Seal. \ 



Hydrophyllum Canadense L. Waterleaf. =j 



Hydrophyllum Virginicum L. Waterleaf. : 



Juglans cinerea L. Butternut. i 



Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut. ^ 



Menispermum Canadense L. Moonseed. '-. 



Orchis spectabilis L. Showy Orchis. • : 



Podophyllum peltatum L. May-Apple. Mandrake. ; 



Quercus alba L. White Oak. When well grown. -, 



Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur-Oak. i 



Rlbes Cynosbati L. Prickly Gooseberry. 



Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry. 



Scrophularia Marylandica L. Fig^\'ort. ^ 



{Scrophularia nodosa Marylandica A. Gray.) 



Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. j 



{Taraxacum officinale Weber.) ] 



Tilia Americana L. Basswood. i 



Ulmus Americana L. American Elm. i 



Ulmus racemosa Thomas. Rock Elm. i 



Uvularia grandiflora J. E. Smith. Bellwort. 



Verbena hastata L. Blue Vervain. 



] 



When well grown and of good size, several other trees are indications of ^ 

 good soil. 



