164 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



raphv in the Micliii^iaii Normal College, what a natural history museum 

 is to students of. biology. On it are represented a large variety of topo- 

 graphic forms such as morainal hills, stream-cut valleys, abandoned lake 

 beaches, lake plains, etc.. which our students quickly learn to recognize 

 and to enquire as to the history and meaning of. The map on account 

 of its home relations, furnishes an aid in teaching such as no map of a 

 distant region, however instructive, can sui)])ly." 



Mr. Frank Leverett, of the United States Geological Survey, who for 

 several years has been engaged in the detailed investigation of the sur- 

 face geology of the region drained by the Ohio, etc., and has devoted 

 three years to the study of the surface geology of Michigan, writes in 

 the above connection as follows: 



''The map of the Ann Arbor quadrangle, recently completed, will be of 

 great service in interpreting the glacial history of the region it repre- 

 sents, as it sets forth in an admirable manner the features of the land 

 produced by the ice sheet which once covered it. The map indicates clearly 

 the moraines, lines of glacial drainage, the former outlines of lakes, the 

 extent of swamps and other features of both scientific and economic im- 

 portance. Its excellence should create a den^and for the rapid exten- 

 sion of the survey on Avhich it is based, to all parts of Michigan." 



As to the value to the students of the University of Michigan, of the 

 map referred to above, I can say without reserve, that it is all that can 

 be asked, and will not only stimulate study, but aid in an important way 

 in original research. To students of geology and geography it furnishes 

 a picture of a considerable variety of topographic forms, the origin of 

 which may be studied to advantage with its aid. To students of engineer- 

 ing it supplies an example of work in a highly s]>ecialized branch of sur- 

 \eying, and way be used in making preliminary or trial locations for rail- 

 roads, trolley lines, sites for reservoirs, etc. To the students of botany and 

 j.oology it ])rovides a base for accurately plotting the distribution of y)lants 

 and animals, and for determining the conditions on which such distribu- 

 tion depends. In these and other ways the map of the environs of the Uni- 

 versity of Michigan will be an assistance and inspiration to her students 

 for many generations to come. 



To the citizens of Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti and other towns situated within 

 the area represented on the Ann Arbor quadrangle, it supplies all the 

 data for the study of sources of water supply, sewer systems, pollution 

 of streams, drainage of swamps, etc., that could be obtained by costly 

 preliminary surveys. 



THE COXTIXUATIOX OF THE COOPERATIVK TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF 



MICHIGAN, 



The toi»ograpliic maps of nearly 2,000 s(|uare miles of territory in the 

 Northern Peninsula, and of 010 sipiarc miles in the Southern I'eninsula, 

 now in hand, make a substantial beginning of what it is earnestly to 

 be hoped will eventually result in the ju-oduction of a map of similar 

 grade of our entire State. 



As already explained, the maps of the mineral regions of the Northern 

 Peninsula, were made without assislaiice from the State of Michigan. 

 Ijess than one-third of the expense of the surveys for the Ann Arbor 

 (|uadrangle. was ])aid for from an ai)pro]»rintion made by the Legislature 

 f(»r the continual i( 11 of the Slate < Icohjgical Survey and wisely allotted 



