UVE STOCK BREEDERS. 169 



do it, but you m,ust also carry it as far as possible out to tbc peopk- that 

 cannot attend these institutions. 



Lastly, and with this remark I close, the College of Agriculture helps 

 to keep the University down from too lofty a perch in regard to learning. 

 The old-time notion of a college was that it was a severed, isolated insti- 

 tution, set apart and enclosed behind a fence where people became very 

 learned and very high toned, and God forbid that the time should ever 

 come when the college does not stand for learning in its highest form and 

 for the highest merit. Rut the old-fashioned college was not concerning 

 itself at all with taking the knowledge down to the pursuits of man. The 

 College of Agriculture at Columbia has taught me this doctrine which is 

 fundamental in my administration of the University, that every professor 

 in that institution has four lines of service: First, to teach, second, by 

 precept and example to mould life on the campus and in the student and 

 in the institution, third, to conduct research into the region of the un- 

 known and publish the result, and lastly to maintain a line^ of public ser- 

 vice. Every chair should reach the men outside of the University and 

 some large interests outside. Now it is very difficult to say exactly how 

 certain chairs are going to render any large public service, and I want to 

 confess the difificulties of that doctrine. T have not quite made out how 

 the chairs of foreign languages can render any public service, nor have I 

 found out how that glorious chair of philosophy — which I think ought to 

 be great in every institution — how it can render much public service ; but 

 with these exceptions every single one of the fifty chairs at this institution 

 at Columbia has a line of public service which it can render. They are 

 not all doing it today, to tell the truth, but if I live I am going to get them- 

 into some form of public service ; but every chair in the College of Agri- 

 culture has some line of public service which it is rendering splendidly 

 to the people of this commonwealth. I do not see why the Chair of Polit- 

 ical Economy should not attack the problem of taxation and lend its as- 

 sistance to all the problems which attend taxation, and something needs 

 to be done in that direction. I do not see why the department of History 

 cannot interest itself in the history of Missouri, which is one of the rich- 

 est histories that any state in the Union has. Why should it not write a 

 history on banking in Missouri and there is no state where it is more in- 

 structive than in this Commonwealth. 



The Department of Chemistry is rendering notable service in this 

 state. Every fertilizer offered for sale in this Commonwealth has been 

 analyzed in our laboratory, and if the manufacturing firm cannot secure 

 the endorsement of our laboratory as to the purity of the article which they 

 are manufacturing, it cannot be put on sale in this Commonwealth, they 

 have to go to some other state to sell it. T see no reason why we should 



