154 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



enormously large clusters and very large berries; berries % to 1 inch in 

 diameter. 



Cane was carefully preserved, and in 1899 the cane reproduced the 

 large clusters and berries. Was examined by Messrs. G. A. Marshall of 

 Arlington and A. J. Brown of the firm of Youngers & Brown of Geneva, 

 Nebraka. Cuttings were saved in the fall of 1899. Vines from cuttings 

 .have fruited in the following years; 1905, 1907, 1909, 1911. Vine is a true 

 Worden except greatly enlarged clusters and berries. Starts growth a 

 little later in spring and has proven, so far, a rather weak grower and 

 not as healthy as Worden. The original sporting cane was lost during the 

 winter of 1901. Premium awarded the Lancaster grape by the Nebraska 

 State Horticultural Society in September, 1900. 



Respectfully, 



CHAS. B. CAMP, 

 Cheney, Nebraska. 



PRUNING APPLE TREES. 

 R. F. Howard, Assistant Horticulturist Nebraska Experiment Station. 



The writer is of the opinion, after corresponding with practically all 

 of the orchard owners in the state, and after personally inspecting many 

 of the larger orchards in eastern Nebraska, that the trees are suffering 

 more from lack of pruning than from any other one cause; many of the 

 larger growers are now giving their apple orchards the attention they 

 need in so far as spraying is concerned. On the other hand, very few of 

 the commercial orchards, and practically none of the smaller ones, are 

 receiving the attention they need in the matter of pruning. We hear com- 

 plaints on all sides from growers of their orchards not paying; of having 

 to sell their apples for $1 or less per 100 pounds. Until these growers 

 realize that trees allowed to grow unattended will form a mass of water- 

 sprouts and tangled branches, and that nothing but small, gnarled, poorly 

 colored fruits should be expected, they will probably continue to receive 

 the low prices. Spraying, properly done, will do much in producing clean 

 fruit, so far as insect and fungous blemishes are concerned, but it should 

 not be expected to increase the size and color of the crop. Some growers 

 are receiving a fair income from their orchards without pruning. Their 

 success is due to the good cultural care their orchards receive other than 

 pruning, and is attained in spite of, not because of, their neglect in this 

 respect. 



TRAINING THE YOUNG TREES. 



An apple tree that has been properly pruned from the time it is set 

 needs comparatively little attention when it reaches bearing age. When 

 the young tree is removed from the nursery row, probably more than half 

 of its root system is left in the ground. In order to restore this unbal- 

 anced condition and to start the general outline of the head, the first and 



