RECEIVING, PLANTING AND PRUNING. 



179 



To get a system in mind let us take a vine at the time of planting and 

 discuss its training for the first three years. The first year one cane is 

 allowed to grow from the permanent trunk. This is cut off at about 18 

 inches or 2 feet from the ground, or at the height of the lower wire of the 

 trellis. The second year two canes only are allowed to grow from the 

 top buds of this trunk. These canes are cut back to 2 to 4 feet, depending 

 on variety and space, and placed on the lower wire of the trellis, one 

 extending either way from the trunk. The third year from six to twelve 

 shoots will come from these two canes, which should be fastened in a 

 vertical position to the higher trellis wires, cutting them off even with the 

 top wire. 



This constitutes the framework of the vine and thereafter the opera- 

 tion consists of taking out the old canes annually and allowing the new 

 shoots to take their places. Excepting the permanent trunk and the two 

 horizontal arms the vine is renewed every other year. Each alternate 

 upright cane should annually be cut down to a short spur near the arm 

 and the other cut off even with the top wire of the trellis. One bud from 

 this spur should be allowed to grow the following year. 



The above suggestions can not always be carried out essentially as 

 given, because the grower must be governed to a certain extent by the 

 variety, the form of trellis used, the space to be occupied by each vine 

 and other local conditions. The ideal vine should be kept in mind, how- 

 ever, and the pruning should be done to make the vines conform as nearly 

 as is practical. The illustrations used in this article were copied from 

 Farmers' Bulletin No. 156, United States Department of Agriculture. 



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Fig. 4.— Vine with fruit, fall of 

 fourth year. 



RECEIVING, PLANTING AND PRUNING. 

 C. G. Marshall. 



Practically all of the trees and plants now being planted by Nebraska 

 growers are delivered in the spring — during the month of April. Nurser- 

 ies deliver trees in several different ways, probably the most common 

 being the shipment of all goods for a certain point by freight, consigned 

 to an agent who receives and delivers them to the purchasers who have 



