﻿Commissioner 
  of 
  Ageicultuke. 
  ■ 
  517 
  

  

  from 
  that 
  of 
  man 
  or 
  ox, 
  and 
  yet 
  the 
  beautiful 
  experiments 
  of 
  

   Nocard^ 
  serve 
  to 
  establish 
  their 
  essential 
  identity. 
  Taking 
  the 
  

   bacillus 
  of 
  human 
  sputum, 
  which 
  would 
  not 
  infect 
  the 
  fowl, 
  he 
  

   enclosed 
  it 
  in 
  collodion 
  capsules, 
  which 
  confined 
  the 
  bacilli 
  while 
  

   allowing 
  transudation 
  of 
  the 
  animal 
  fluids, 
  and 
  left 
  these 
  in 
  the 
  

   abdomen 
  of 
  the 
  chicken 
  for 
  not 
  less 
  than 
  four 
  months. 
  He 
  re- 
  

   peated 
  this 
  three 
  times 
  in 
  succession 
  with 
  the 
  product 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  

   sputum 
  germ, 
  and 
  obtained 
  a 
  bacillus 
  which 
  was 
  actively 
  patho- 
  

   genic 
  for 
  the 
  chicken, 
  though 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  harmless 
  after 
  the 
  sojourn 
  

   of 
  four 
  and 
  eight 
  months 
  respectively. 
  

  

  This 
  may 
  explain 
  the 
  reported 
  cases 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  flock 
  of 
  poultry 
  

   have 
  developed 
  tuberculosis 
  a 
  few 
  months 
  after 
  they 
  were 
  placed 
  

   in 
  the 
  hands 
  of 
  a 
  consumptive 
  caretaker. 
  That 
  such 
  transmission 
  

   does 
  not 
  always 
  occur 
  is 
  not 
  surprising, 
  considering 
  that 
  trans- 
  

   mission 
  between 
  man 
  and 
  man 
  is 
  infrequent 
  in 
  comparison 
  with 
  

   the 
  number 
  of 
  exposures. 
  So 
  in 
  cattle 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  exposed 
  

   animals 
  usually 
  escape, 
  although 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  case 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  

   plausible 
  explanation 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  of 
  a 
  difference 
  ol 
  germ. 
  "We 
  

   have 
  in 
  every 
  case 
  to 
  consider 
  the 
  necessity 
  for 
  receptivity 
  as 
  

   well 
  as 
  infectivity, 
  and 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  either 
  is 
  a 
  complete 
  bar 
  to 
  

   infection. 
  When, 
  however, 
  we 
  assume 
  that 
  the 
  most 
  diverse 
  

   tubercle 
  bacilli 
  are 
  descendants 
  of 
  one 
  original 
  stock, 
  that 
  a 
  large 
  

   flock 
  must 
  furnish 
  some 
  animals 
  of 
  more 
  than 
  usual 
  susceptibility, 
  

   and 
  that 
  such 
  animals 
  are 
  subjected 
  to 
  continuous 
  accessions 
  of 
  

   both 
  bacilli 
  and 
  toxins, 
  we 
  can 
  easily 
  understand 
  how 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  more 
  adaptable 
  germs 
  will 
  in 
  time 
  accommodate 
  themselves 
  to 
  

   the 
  new 
  medium. 
  A 
  Pettinkoffer, 
  with 
  an 
  immune 
  constitution 
  

   or 
  a 
  specially 
  vigorous 
  gastric 
  digestion, 
  may 
  with 
  impunity 
  drink 
  

   a 
  culture 
  of 
  cholera 
  spirillum, 
  but 
  th-e 
  same 
  is 
  not 
  true 
  of 
  the 
  

   drunkard 
  fresh 
  from 
  a 
  spree 
  and 
  with 
  seriously 
  impaired 
  digestion. 
  

  

  Bacillus 
  tuberculosis 
  in 
  man 
  and 
  ox. 
  Points 
  of 
  similarity. 
  

   The 
  bacillus 
  tuberculosis 
  of 
  cattle 
  is 
  as 
  a 
  whole 
  shorter 
  and 
  thicker 
  

   than 
  that 
  of 
  man, 
  but 
  many 
  in 
  both 
  subjects 
  are 
  morphologically 
  

  

  3 
  Annales 
  de 
  Tlnstitute 
  Pasteur, 
  September, 
  1898, 
  

  

  