Live Stock Breeders' Association. 173 



which the hogs may be turned by the middle of August or Septem- 

 ber, and have this nutritious grain to supplement the corn they 

 pick up after the cattle. This will enable the hogs to be finished 

 well and rapidly and will give largely increased gains at a very 

 slight expense. 



SUPPLEMENTAL GRAINS FOR HOGS FOLLOWING CATTLE. 



The profits from the use of some such supplemental feed as 

 middlings, linseed meal or tankage will be almost as striking with 

 hogs following cattle as when given to hogs fed the grain direct. 

 It is never profitable to feed straight corn to hogs except when 

 they are running on alfalfa, clover, or soja bean pasture. When 

 following cattle on the ordinary blue grass pasture, therefore, and 

 particularly when following cattle in a dry lot, a small amount of 

 old process linseed meal or of tankage, or if these are not available, 

 a limited amount of middlings, will invariably add materially to 

 the profits to be derived from the hogs. This is very clearly shown 

 by the results of a recent experiment in Ohio,* when 1-3 of a pound 

 of digested tankage was given daily per head of hogs following cattle 

 on corn and mixed hay, in contrast with hogs following similarly 

 fed cattle without the tankage. The hogs having no tankage gained 

 808 pounds, while those receiving the tankage gained 1,230 pounds. 

 Conditions were otherwise identical. The amount of tankage used 

 was 259.5 pounds, costing, laid down, $4,88, from which an in- 

 creased hog gain of 422 pounds was secured. The profit from this 

 operation will be apparent when it is realized that this extra hog 

 gain cost but little more than 1 cent per pound. 



CHANGES IN FEED AND SURROUNDINGS. 



Changes in feed, or location, or surroundings of cattle that are 

 fat should never be made, except such as are decidedly for the 

 better, and even then should only be made when imperative. After 

 a steer is on feed and is beginning to show fat, whatever changes 

 in the feed are necessary must be made very gradually, and should 

 always be in the direction of improved quality and palatability. This 

 law will admit of no violation, except in very rare cases where the 

 cattle show too great a fondness for the roughage and seem to be 

 eating too little grain on that account. Even then it will be more 

 rational to attempt to bring the grain up to a standard of excel- 

 lence where it will successfully compete with the roughness rather 



♦Ohio Exp. Sta. Olr. 73. 



