DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE 



837 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



TREES AND SHRUBS FOR WINTER EFFECT. 



Many people do not realize the possibilities in tliis regard. It is quite practicable 

 to arrange a border with a view to the all-year- round effect; in this arrangement the 

 fall and winter should receive due consideration. For colour effect in the fall, nothing 

 can surpass the fiery red of the Ginnalian maple, the solid green of the common lilac, 

 the light green and gold of the ninebark, combined with the glossy green of the laurel- 

 leaved willow, the silver-grey of the Eussian olive, and the purplish-red of the bar- 

 berry. A good background of evergreens makes these colours all the more striking. In 

 winter we are dependent on the display of persistent fruits, and the bark-colour of the 

 trees and shrubs. White birch, trembling poplar, red willow, golden willow, dogwood, 

 wild rose and highbush cranberry all furnish striking colours, which give a grateful 

 contrast to the general dull tone of the deciduous border in winter. Enhancing effects 

 are gained from the fruit display on the wild rose, cranberry, sheepberry, climbing 

 bittersweet and native hawthorn. In all cases the evergreen should form the " back- 

 bone " of the border, in order to relieve the general whiteness of the landscape. 



HEDGES. 



The most useful hedges for windbreaks, etc., are: Manitoba maple, Ginnalian 

 maple, caragana, common lilac, green ash, and white spruce. Among the best orna- 

 mental hedges are: Honeysuckle, caragana, buckthorn, sandthorn, Japanese lilac, 

 nettle tree, white cedar, white spruce, and Ginnalian maple. Native shrubs such as 

 buffalo berry, hawthorn, native plum, saskatoon, hazel nut, wolfberry, wild rose, etc., 

 have shown considerable merit as hedges, and may be recommended where cultivated 

 varieties cannot be obtained. 



ROSES. 



About fifty new rose bushes were planted last spring. These succeeded variously, 

 some giving a creditable amount of bloom during the season, while most of the others 

 thrived quite well and should flower next summer. A few old bushes of Eugosa roses 

 and Austrian briar roses, (Persian yellow) flowered quite well, the latter coming into 

 bloom on June 20. The rose-beds were covered with straw in the fall. 



The following varieties bloomed during the season of 1915 : — 



Variety. 



Austrian Briar Rose— 



(Persian Yellow) 



Rugosa Roses — 



Calocarpa 



New Century (Hybrid) 



Moss Rose — 



Salet 



Tea Rose — 



Souvenir de Pierre Netting 



Hybrid Tea Rose— 



Gruss an Teplitz 



La France 



,Molly Sharman Crawford 



Geo. C. Waud • 



Lady Ash town 



Mrs. Cornwallis West 



Mme. Segond Weber 



Ecarlate 



Mrs. Aaron Ward 



Mme. Abel Chatenay 



Hybrid Perpetual Roses — 



Magna Charta 



Jules Margottin 



Mrs. R. G. Sharman Crawford. 



Paul Neyron 



Began 



to 

 Bloom. 



June 20. 



July 11. 

 Aug. 5 . 



" 13. 



" 16. 



July 12. 

 18. 

 20. 

 25. 

 27. 

 27. 

 7. 

 12. 

 12. 

 19. 



Aug. 



•July 13. 

 Aug. 11. 



7. 

 " 18. 



Amount 



of 

 Bloom. 



M. 

 L. 



S. 



L. 



S. 



L. 



S. 



s. 

 s. 

 s. 



M. 

 M. 

 L. 



Remarks. 



Yellow, double. 



Deep rose, single. 

 Rosy Pink. 



Deep Pink; double. 



Indian yellow. Small double flowers. 



Crimson. Double. 



Satin pink. Fine Blossom. 



White; double. 



Orange red. 



Soft Rose colour. Double. 



Pink. 



Bright Salmon Rose. Double. 



Bright Scarlet. Semi-double. 



Shades of Indian Yellow. Double. 



Rose, with shade of salmon; fine double 



rose. 

 Deep Pink. Fine double. 

 Rose coloured. Single. 

 Rosy Pink. Double. 

 Deep rose colour. 



Brandon. 



