Dairy Suggesiioiis from Europe. 



179 



of Mmv, ;ni(l llic liivK^ ;ii whicli they iwr taken oK in the lall varies 

 from October 1 to November 1, depending upon the season. Cows are 

 not soiled, and pasture grass is generally depended upon to furnish 

 the entire feed for the summer. When this is done, it requires about 

 two acres of pasture per cow. This will support the cows until the first 



of August, when they are then 

 turned on the aftermath in the 

 meadowy and from this time on 

 changed back and forth from the 

 pasture to the meadow. Grain is 

 sddom fed to cows on pasture, 

 until after the first of August, 

 when a small amount of cotton 

 seed cake is fed to many of the 

 l)est milkers. Ordinarily, the win- 

 ter ration for dairy cows consists 

 of 40 to 70 pounds of roots ; 15 pounds of straw ; 7 pounds of hay ; and 

 8 pounds mixed meal and cake. The roughage is fed three times a 

 day and the grain twice — the 



Red Polled cows common in Eastern Eng- 

 land. 



Jerseys at pasture. Seen only occasion- 

 ally in England. 



grain being fed according to the 



milk flow, and is cut off entirely 



when the cow is dry. 



At the Agricultural shows there 



were numerous and extensive ex- 

 hibits of condiments and condition 



pow^ders for stock. Talking witli 



stockmen on the farms, it was learned that there is an enormous 



amount of these materials fed in England. It would seem from 



this that English stockmen, like 

 many Americans, overestimate the 

 value of these preparations. 



As straw is valuable for fodder, 

 only a sufficient amount is used 

 for bedding to take the rough 

 edges off the cobble stones or brick 

 with which the stable floor i:, 

 paved. A noticeable feature is the 

 care taken of manure. The best 

 farmers have sheds under which 



it is kept to avoid waste. The l)arn yards are paved with cobble stones 



to keep the cows out of the mud. 



Dairy Short-liorn that traces to Volume 

 I of herd book. 



