Home Makers' Conference. 311 



This plan consists simply of the installation of a sink at a convenient 

 place near the kitchen table, if possible, on which is mounted a common 

 pitcher pump connected with the well and cistern by iron pipes. Where 

 both hard and soft water are desired, two pumps can be installed, one 

 connecting with the well, the other with the cistern. In this case two 

 sinks are usually installed, although it is perfectly feasible to use a 

 single sink and pump Avith a cut-ofiP which can be turned instantly to 

 connect with well or cistei-n as desired. The waste pipe from the sink 

 should be of lead, an inch and a half inside, and should connect with a 

 three or four-inch tile running to the nearest outlet. It is desirable 

 for sanitary purposes to place the ordinary small trap beneath the sink 

 and to use glazed sewer pipe with cemented joints for the first fifty or 

 one hundred feet to avoid any possible contamination of the w^ell. White 

 porcelain sinks are available at every plumber's shop, or they may be 

 ordered of various companies handling plumbing goods. They are very 

 much to be preferred to other kinds. If the edges are rounded in a 

 wide roll this adds much to their appearance and aids in keeping them 

 clean. Such a plan can be worked out with perfect satisfaction on most 

 farms at an expense approximating $40.00. The supply pipe used 

 should be the II/4 inch size, and, if the distance from well or cistern 

 to the sink is over thirty feet, a force pump should be used instead 

 of the pitcher pump. A pitcher pump is worth .$6.75, a 20x30 inch 

 white enamel sink $6.00, a force pump $12, the small lead trap beneath 

 sink $1.75, lead piping is worth 45c per foot, and the 1^4 iiich iron 

 piping 15c per foot cut ready for installing. 



The more convenient method of supplying water in the farm house, 

 is the common plan of a supply tank from which the water is conducted 

 by pipes to faucets located wherever desired. This plan usually neces- 

 sitates considerably greater expense but it offers many more conven- 

 iences, among them the installation of a bath tub and closet. Supply 

 tanks for this purpose are of two general types, the elevated tank and 

 the pressure tank. In the elevated tank the water is raised either by 

 hand or by a convenient power such as a wind mill, a gas engine, a hot 

 air engine, or in some very fortunate locations by a hydraulic ram. It is 

 not necessary to enter into a discussion of these sources of power here, 

 except to say, that the hand pump is usually the cheaper and the 

 windmill the most common. Gas or hot air engines require consider- 

 able attention and the hydraulic ram is possible only in locations where 

 there is a stream with a considerable flow of water which has a fall of 

 several feet. 



Elevated tanks may either be located in the attic of the house, or 

 on a tower several feet above the faucet outlets. The attic tank is 



