The Brood Sow and Her Litter. 391 



the inside of the pigs' legs well enough to be sure the lice are all dead. 

 A sure way of reaching all parts of the animal is to immerse it in a tank 

 containing a solution of dip, oil, etc. The ordinary dipping tank is 10 

 feet long on top and 5 feet long on the bottom, with one end perpendicu- 

 lar, thus leaving the other end sloping, with a cleated board upon it for 

 the hogs to walk out. The width is 20 inches at the top and 8 inches at 

 the bottom. AVith the top of this tank sunk to the level of the ground and 

 chutes made to force the pigs over the perpendicular end, the dipping 

 can be done very easily. The solution in the tank must be deep enough 

 so that the hog is entirely covered when in the tank. When using coal 

 oil for dipping, it should be used in the form of an emulsion made by 

 dissolving one-half pound of soap in one gallon of hot soft water and 

 then stirring in slowly two gallons of coal oil, until an emulsion is formed. 

 The water must be stirred violently while the coal oil is being added, in 

 order to form an emulsion. A gallon of this emulsion to ten to fifteen 

 of water will kill the lice. For sprinkling and washing the hogs we 

 find that a great number of our correspondents use pure coal oil and 

 grease, but this is too strong for dipping purposes. 



Another very handy method used for getting rid of lice is to put 

 some dip or crude oil in the wallowing place and allow the hogs to wal- 

 low in it. Many men make a special wallowing hole of concrete or 

 boards where the water can be kept cleaner than in a mud wallow. This 

 method has given pretty general satisfaction. 



After the hogs have been cleaned of lice the houses and sleeping 

 quarters should also be sprayed or sprinkled with a disinfectant. Even 

 then there will be eggs of the lice left that must be killed by spraying 

 again in two or three weeks. It may be necessary even to dip the pigs 

 again after two or three weeks in order to be free from the pest. 



Worms. — The presence of worms in hogs has caused as much trou- 

 ble and annoyance probably as any other ailment among hogs, except 

 cholera. Very few herds are entirely free from them, and many are so 

 badly infected that hog raising is not a profitable business. We find that 

 in reply to the question as to the most troublesome factor in raising hogs, 

 more mentioned worms than any other trouble. We find, however, that 

 about one-seventh of our total number of correspondents report no trou- 

 ble. The curing of hogs of worms is sometimes a very difficult task, in 

 fact, four of our reporters say they cannot cure them. 



In reply to the best way to prevent worms, we find that a very large 

 per cent, of the replies are in favor of remedies that are general cor- 

 rectives for the system rather than actual remedies for worms, thus 

 showing the value of having the pig's system in good condition in order 

 to resist the attack of any disease. This list of general correctives is as 

 follows : 



