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Missouri Agricultural Eeport. 



present great cement industry of the world. A material was found 

 which, when calcined, was given the name of Roman cement. An 

 English patent and specifications for producing an artificial stone, by 

 Aspdin in 1824, is the first scientific description of an artificial Port- 

 land cement. Pasely, another Englishmen, however, left writings in 

 1820 describing this same process. 



The title "Portland" was derived from the color, "a pleasing, 

 grayish white" building stone, used extensively in England at one 

 time. The stone is from the south coast of England, where a lime- 

 stone of a "grayish white color juts out into the ocean and is known 

 as the 'Bill of Portland.' " An English manufacturer produced a 

 cement of which a most noticeable difference between it and the 

 Roman cement of that day was the color. The color of the new pro- 

 duct closely resembling that of the stone from the "Bill of Portland," 

 it was called "Portland cement." 



Among the cement pioneers in the United States the two most 

 noted and successful ones are D. 0. Saylor of Coplay, Penn., and 

 Thomas Millen of South Bend, Indiana. These two men, working 

 independently and unknown to each other, found the material and a 

 process and established small kilns for the production of Portland 

 cement in and immediately following the year 1871. This was the 

 beginning of one of the greatest industries of this country. 



Cement Industry in U. S. — Statistics of the cement production in 

 the United States show it to be one of the great industries of the 

 country. "While there is a marked decrease in the value of this pro- 

 duction in 1908 as compared with that of 1907, there is an increase 

 in production. The following amounts of production are given in 

 barrels — four bags to the barrel of Portland, three of Natural. 



