Rural School Leaflet 



"55 



recognized in the best-developed individuals of either, there are a great 

 many animals of intermediate form that would be difficult to assign 

 to either type, since the two types tend to merge into each other by very 

 gradual gradations. 



The chief differences in form that distinguish the beef and dairy types are : 

 i. In outline of body, especially as viewed from the side. 



2. In depth and smoothness of flesh. 



3 . In size of udder and external blood vessels connected therewith. 



In the beef form, the outline of the body approaches the rectangular. 



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The dairy type 



The general direction of the top and bottom lines is straight and parallel, 

 and the general dimensions of the body approximate those of a brick; 

 that is, length twice the depth, and depth twice the thickness. 



In the dairy type the general outline of the body is " wedge-shaped 

 from before backward "; that is, the general direction of the top and 

 bottom lines diverges from the front toward the rear. This is brought 

 about by a relatively large development of the hind quarters and some- 

 times by relatively low and thin shoulders. The height of the animal at 

 the hips is one half to one and one half inches greater than at the shoulders. 

 The wedge-shaped appearance is increased by a large and pendulous 

 abdomen and by a large and well-developed udder. 



In the best beef animal, even when not fully fattened, the whole body 

 is thickly and smoothly covered with flesh (muscle) so that the angles 



