Rural School Leaflet 



"59 



The beef breeds 

 There are comparatively few of the four great beef breeds — Shorthorn, 

 Hereford, Galloway, and Aberdeen-Angus — in New York State, as this 

 is primarily a dairy State. 

 At one time Shorthorn 

 cattle were in demand in 

 New York, however, and 

 in 1873 the highest price 

 ever paid for a cow, $40,- 

 000, was paid for 8th 

 Duchess of Geneva, a 

 Shorthorn. Beef cattle 

 have given way to dairy 

 cattle, and we do not 

 find large herds of beef 

 animals except in one or 

 two places. The influence 



A Hereford cow 



of the Shorthorn blood has been left in our grade and scrub herds, 

 however, and we find many animals resembling Shorthorns. The 

 grades of the other beef breeds are not nearly so numerous. 



The Shorthorn. — The colors found among Shorthorn cattle are red 

 and white in great diversity of proportions. We have wholly red animals 

 and wholly white animals. Then there is found in large numbers the 

 roan, a mixture of the red and white with the colors grading impercep- 

 tibly into each other through 

 a mixture of the red and 

 white hairs. In some cases 

 the colors are distinct and 

 the outlines of the patches of 

 red are clearly denned. The 

 picture shown on page n54> 

 in the lesson on 

 Beef Type and the 

 Type, " is that of a roan 

 Shorthorn cow with some 

 parts of the body graded 

 into clear white and other 

 parts a clear red. 

 An Angus cow The H eref or d . — The 



characteristic color markings of the Hereford cow are her white face, 

 white line on the back, white underline, white markings on the legs, and 

 white switch. There is no definite extent prescribed for these colors, 



" The 

 Dairy 



