Tilth and Tillage of the Soil 



1771 



struction and operation they are much like harrows. They may carry 

 small spike teeth, shovels of different size and shape, spring teeth, or disks; 

 they may be swung on wheels with riding attachment, and in the larger 

 two-wheeled cultivators two or more gangs are carried and guided by the 

 feet of the operator so that one or more rows are worked on both sides 

 at the same time. 



FlG. 99. — Types of cultivators: (/) wheel hoe, or hand garden cultivator, with attach- 

 ments; (2) adjustable small-tooth, one-horse cultivator, with duck foot shovel behind; (j) 

 two-horse spring-toothed cultivator; (4) two-horse sweep or knife cultivator; (5) two-horse 

 disk cidtivator 



The general practice now is to use cultivators carrying many small 

 shovels, so that the soil is kept level and thoroughly stirred to a shallow 

 depth. This type is more effective in killing small weeds, ir creating a 

 mulch, and in saving water than is the large-toothed type of implement, 

 such as the old-fashioned single or double shovel plow. 



