Drainage in New York. 



^77^ 



ditch in laying and the facility with which close joints may be made by 

 revolving the tile. In addition to the round and hexagonal tile there are 

 the single and double sole tile with round opening. The hexagonal tile 

 are to be preferred to the sole tile as to ease in laying. It is generally 

 unwise to use horse-shoe tile. They are easily broken and may be mis- 

 placed by the erosion of the water in the bottom of the ditch. Junction 

 tile of different sizes are made by many manufacturers and it is gener- 

 ally wise for persons inexperienced in making good unions with ordi- 

 nary tile to use these junction pieces. 



The farmers of the state should give especial attention to this point 

 of hardness and should use only hard tile, which they are sure will with- 

 stand the destructive agencies. They should hold the tile dealers to 

 the standard and insist on the desired stock, and the manufacturers and 



Fig. 214. — Some types of drain tile. 



dealers on the other hand should take cognizance of this demand and 

 supply the hard burned tile. It is regrettable that so little hard burned 

 drain tile is available from New York dealers and if it is not to be had 

 within the state there should be no hesitancy in going outside of the 

 state where first class tile can be secured. In case of doubt, the farmer 

 should require that a piece of the tile be submitted for inspection before 

 the order is placed and the shipment should be equal to the sample. 



(5) Cost of drainage. 



The cost of draining may be classed under three heads. First, the 

 initial cost of the tile. Second, the cost of transportation from the 

 factory to the farm, including the haul from the railway station and the 

 distribution in the field and, third, the laying out of the system, excava- 

 tion of the ditch, laying the tile and filling the ditch. 



