3i6 



Bulletin 2^6. 



are often too strong to be considered as trifling. The tree to be 

 removed may be so valuable a factor in the aesthetic life of the com- 

 munity that the inconvenience of going around it will never be great 

 enough to warrant its removal. 



In regrading lawn areas it sometimes becomes necessary to make deep 

 cuts or large fills about the bases of trees, which would cause their death 

 were they not properly protected. In general, when cuts or fills average 

 between one foot and three feet in depth, the tree may be preserved 



by leaving a mound for cuts 

 (see Fig. 236); or, in the case 

 of fills by building a well around 

 the trunk to keep the soil from 

 the bark (see Fig. 237). Trees 

 injured as a result of removing 

 soil from the base, die because 

 the roots dry out; while those 

 injured from fills die because the 

 soil packed around the tnmk 

 suffocates that part of the tree, 

 kills the small feed roots, and 

 rots the bark. A few of the 

 very hardy species of trees will 

 survive such conditions of fill, 

 while others are very susceptible 

 to its ill effects. 



The courts now recognize the 

 fact that the loss of these trees 

 affects the money valuation of 

 abutting property. While a 

 money remuneration is of little 

 or no satisfaction for a property 

 owner or a commission to receive from a tree destroyer, it seems to 

 be the only means at present of checking the difficulty. 



Fig. 234. — .4 common practice of pruning 

 trees. These long stubs work serious injury 

 to the tree because of their decay. 



(4.) Wind and ice storms. 



The normal damage to trees through wind and ice storms is due 

 very largely to the improper selection of species. Trees that suffer 

 most from this cause are those with brittle wood, such as white 

 willow and silver maple. The pyramidal trees and also those with 

 excurrent habits of growth, as the gingko and the sweet gum, suffer 

 least, while the broad-headed, vase-formed trees are often seriously 



