3i8 



Bulletin 256. 



first, close during the first summer, but during the succeeding winter are 

 again subjected to freezing processes, which open permanent cracks 

 that continue to increase in size from year to year, and to give free 

 access to the many disintegrating processes of nature. The only pro- 



FiG. 236. — A method of saving valuable trees along streets on which heavy lowering 



of the grade is being made. 



tection for such a tree is to employ someone, who is fully informed on 



the methods of tree surgery, to seal the cavity and thus prevent further 



decay or freezing. 



In selecting a species for planting in any particular region, it is best 



not to accept the advice of a journeyman nurseryman, but rather to 



is acquainted with 

 ditions of the re- 

 knows the degree 

 a species should 

 successfully. 

 and large branches 

 protected during 

 months. In a frozen 

 ticity of the wood 

 diminished and 

 broken very easily. 



seek someone who 

 the climatic con- 

 gion, and who 

 of hardiness that 

 possess to be grown 

 Young saplings 

 should be specially 

 the very cold 

 condition the elas- 

 is very much 

 branches may be 



Fig. 237. — The danger of injuring 

 trees by f-lling around the base m.ay 

 be avoided by the formation of a 

 "well" 



(6.) Bites of horses, and grazing of wagon wheels. 



Biting and gnawing of the bark by horses, and the grazing of the bark 

 from the careless driving of vehicles, are other sources of injury, and 



