IvLKAL School Leaflet. 



-01 



ObscrTations. — Note the short square tail. Does he use his tail in 

 climbing? Note the long slender bill. Watch him as he gets the insect 

 eggs and bugs from the crevices in the bark. 



The chickadee, iJic brown creeper, and the nuthatch are useful farm 

 hands. Uliy? 



HOW CLOUDS ARE FORMED AND WHAT THEY MEAN. 



By W. M. Wilson. 



Have you even seen a cloud forming? If you live near a lake, or a 

 river, or even a small creek, and will watch on a cold morning in the fall 

 or spring when the water is not frozen over, you may see the fog or 

 vapor rising from the surface of the water. 



When a cloud rests on the groiiud we call it fog, but when high in the 

 air so that we can see only the bottom, we call it a cloud. If you were to 

 go up in a balloon until you were in a cloud, it would look just as it does 

 on a foggy morning. So clouds are simply fog banks floating in the air. 



When a cloud forms very high in the air, five or six miles above the 

 earth, the air is so cold that the fog or mist freezes into very fine snow- 

 flakes or frost crystals. This makes the high clouds look white, while 

 clouds not so high are darker and more gray in color. If you watch the 

 clouds every day you will frequently see both upper and lower clouds at 

 the same time. You can easily tell them apart because the upper clouds 

 are nearly pure white and show very distinctly against the blue sky. 

 They are usu- 

 ally thin and 

 do not seem 

 t o m o V e 

 much. The 

 lower clouds 

 are darker 

 and thicker, 

 making a 

 w e 1 1-defined 

 shadow when 

 passing be- 

 fore the sun. 

 They seem to 

 m o V e more 

 rapidly than 

 the u ]) ]) e r 

 clouds. 



Clouds are Fig. 2,7-— Cirrus. 



