712 Rural Schooi. I.i-.akmct. 



Usiiif^ round tiiiinl)crs \v(- may .say llial 6,000,000,000 pounds of milk 

 is prodticcd aiiniiall\' by New \ovk cows (J. 15 ixninds is the weight of 

 one (iiiart). JNIilk is nsod for: (1) l'"oo(I, (j) ihiUer, (jj Cheese, (4) 

 Condensed Milk, (5) Miscellaneous purposes. 



Milk (IS food. — It is estinialrd that tin- average person uses ,6 of a 

 pint of milk daih' as a beverage of in food. This is ahonl one glassful 

 and till- amonni mi-^lil well he inereasi'd as milk is most luitritions and 

 cheap as compared with othei" foods. ( )n this hasis, the more than seven 

 million residi'iUs ol oiir state use as food *'\'ery year over 1 ,r)00,(XXXO(K) 

 pounds of milk. Most of this has to \>v carried a eonsiderahle distance to 

 the consnmei-. A paii of the milk used in Mew Ycivk ("ity is haided in 

 traiirs from stations thn-e to fom hmidu'd miU-s awav. According to 

 oiu" Statt> l)epartmeut of /\gricidtni e, ihert- aii- ahonl 700 milk stations 

 in the .Slate. /\s a ride liie milk when deli\cred in om- largest cities is 

 lwi'nl\ four to tliirl\ six hours old. This is one n-ason \\h\- milk for the 

 market unisl In- handled with spet'ial eaie. A small (|uaulity of milk is 

 used also for making en-am lor fond. 



/>';///(•/•- Ahoul t\\(-nt\ ponnds of milk is necessar\' for making one 

 pound of hutter. Thus ahonl 2,30C),(K)(),(i( lo ])ounds of milk is used in the 

 manufatiuit' of ahoul 1 1 q.ooo.ooo poinids ol hutter the annual output 

 of the .State. Nearly two thirds of this hiUler is made on farms and ihe 

 halanee is madi- in factories of which tluii' are neaiK' ');)(). 



C7/<T.V('. - Ahoul ten pounds of whole milk is trsed in the maiuifaclure 

 of one pound of " full cream" or " eheddar " cheese. Practically loo,- 

 ooo, ()()() pounds of this cheese is madi- ainiu.dK in \\\v \'ork. and almost 

 all of it is u)ade in cheesi- faclorii-s. 'i'hus full cream cheese accounts 

 for 1,000,000.000 pounds of milk. 



About 30,000. (HK) pounds of ollur kinds of cheese is made. These 

 include "skim" cheese which is m.ule fiom pailialK- skimmed milk, and 

 at least a do/(Mi other varieties, .some i^i which are imitations of fiuxMgn 

 cheese. It is not ])ossible to stale hmv much milk is used for these mis- 

 cellaneous kinds of cheese. 



Theri- are about <)()o factories in which clu-ese is made, and about Joo 

 others in which both cheese and butter an- made. 



( Oiitli-iiSid iiiilL-- Three and one hal f to foui' (|uaiMs of milk is re(|uired 

 111 make oui- (|uarl of condensed milk. It is repoited that ahoul 20,000,- 

 000 (|u,iits of condensed tnilk is made, and most of it in .about twenty-five 

 condensaries. This would use about 1 5o,ooo.O(X) ])ounds of milk. 



Misccllaiiroiis uses. — These include llu- use of milk for feeding calves, 

 and a small cpianlih which is dried for baking and ollu-r iooi] piu-poses. 

 Our State Dep.'uimeiU of AgriculliUH" reports th.it about lo.ooo.cxio 

 pounds of casein is made amuialK from skinuued milk, thereloie this rs 

 an important by-product maiidy in butter factories. 



