FISHES OF NEW YORK 369 



premaxillaries, behind which are the broad maxillaries, large, 

 sharp teeth of unequal size on both jaws and on palatines; none 

 on the vomer; usually a very strong, sharp canine near the tip 

 of the lower jaw; opercular bones without spines or serratures; 

 gill openings wide, the gill membranes not united, free from 

 the isthmus; gill rakers very short or obsolete; branchioste- 

 gals seven; gills four; pseudobranchiae well developed; air 

 bladder large, bifurcate anteriorly; many pyloric caeca; lateral 

 line well developed, straight; pectoral fins short, placed in or 

 below the line of the axis of the body; ventrals I, 5, abdominal, 

 in advance of the middle of the body; first dorsal over ventrals, 

 of five rather stout spines, second dorsal remote from first 

 dorsal, similar to and opposite anal; caudal fin forked; vertebrae 

 24; first superior pharyngeal absent, second, third, and fourth 

 separate, with teeth, lower pharyngeals separate. 



186 Sphyraena guachancho Cuv. & Val. 



Long Barracuda 



Spliyraena gnacliariclw Cxjvier & Valenciennes, Hist Nat. Poiss. Ill, 342, 



1829, Havana; Jordan & Eveemann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus. 824, 



1896. 

 Sphyraena guaguancho Goode & Bean, Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus. II, 146, 1880; 



Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 411, 1883. 

 Sphyraena guaguanche Poey, Memorias, II, 166, 1860; Meek & Newland, 



Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 70, 1884. 

 Sphyraena giintheri Haly, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. XV, 270, 1875, Colon. 



Body moderately elongate, subcylindric, its greatest depth 

 one seventh of the total length without caudal, its width 

 two thirds of its depth and one third of length of head; 

 the caudal peduncle stout and not elongate, its least depth 

 one fourth the length of head. The head is long, nearly 

 one third of total without caudal, its width two sevenths 

 of its length; the lower jaw projects a space one half as 

 long as the iris, the top of head flat and with a long and 

 well marked median groove; the interorbital space equal to iris; 

 the maxilla broadly expanded and abruptly bent downward, its 

 width at the posterior end one fourth of its length, its end reach- 

 ing about to front of orbit; mandible as long as head without 

 postorbital part; preocular ridge three fourths as long as iris; 



