FISHES OF XEW YORK 693 



frequent visitor to the shores and is probably a resident of the 

 middle depths. The young are frequently trawled in deep water. 



Family gadid^e 



Codfishes 

 Genus pollachius Nilsson 

 Body rather elongate, covered with minute scales; mouth 

 moderate or large, the lower jaw projecting; barbel very small 

 or obsolete; villiform teeth on vomer, none on palatines; teeth in 

 jaws equal or the outer slightly enlarged; gill membranes more 

 or less united; subopercle and postclavicle not enlarged and not 

 ivory like; dorsal fins three; anal two; caudal lunate; vent under 

 first dorsal. Large fishes of the northern seas. 



345 Pollachius virens (Linnaeus) 



Pollack . 



Gadits inrens Lika'ael-s, Syst. Nat. ed. X, I, 253, 1758 



Gadiis piirpnreus Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y. I, 370, 1815. 



Merlangus purpvreus Storek, Rep. Fish. Mass. 130, 1839; De Kay, N. Y. 



Fauna, Fishes, 286, pi. 45, fig. 147, 1842; Stoker, Hist. Fish. Mass. 180, 



pi. XXVII, fig. 3, 1867. 

 Merlangus curhwiurlus Stoker, Rep. Fish. Mass. 129, 1839; De Kay, X. Y. 



Fauna, Fishes, 287, pi. 45, fig. 144, 1842. 

 Merlangus leptocephalus De Kay, op. cit. 288, pi. 45, fig. 146, Long Island. 

 PoUachius car-bonarius Goode & Bean, Bull. Essex Inst. XI, 8, 1879. 

 Foll'ichius virens Jordan & Evermanx, Check-List Fish. N. A. 493. 1896; 



Bean, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. IX, 371, 1897; H. M. Smith, Bull. 



U. S. F. C. 1897, 107, 1898; Jordan &; Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. 



Mus. Ill, 2.534, 1898; IV, pi. CCCLIX. fig. 886, 1900. 



The length of the body is four and one fourth times the depth 

 'Of the body and four times the length of the head. Body rather 

 elongate, compressed; snout sharp and conic; mouth rather 

 small, oblique; maxillary reaching beyond front of orbit; lower 

 jaw slightly the longer; teeth in upper jaw nearly equal, the 

 outer series not specially enlarged; barbel rudimentary or obso- 

 lete; gill membranes considerably united, free from isthmu.s; 

 vent under first dorsal; caudal fin lunate; pectorals short, 

 scarcely reaching anal; ventrals short. D. 13-22-20; A. 25-20; 

 Lat. 1. about 150; vertebrae 54. 



Greenish brown above; sides and below somewhat silvery; 

 lateral line pale; fins mostly pale; sometimes a black spot on the 

 axil. 



