714 NEW YOKK STATE MUSEUM 



This grenadier inhabits the West Indies, the Gulf of Mexico, 



and is found in the Gulf Stream in deep water. It is abundant. 



The U. S. Fish Commission steamer, Fish Hodvk, has taken it in 



the Gulf Stream ofE Rhode Island in 115 fathoms. The fish is 



described and figured by Goode and Bean, Oceanic Ichthyology, 



p. 398, fig. 336. 



Order heterosomata 



Flatfislies 



Family pleuroxectida^e 



Flounders 



Genus hippoglossus Cuvier 



Eyes and color on the right side; form oblong, not strongly 



compressed; mouth wide, oblique; teeth in the upper jaw in two 



series, those below in one, anterior teeth in upper jaw, and 



lateral teeth in lower, strong, no teeth on vomer or palatines, 



lower pharyngeal teeth in two rows; dorsal fin beginning above 



the eye, its middle rays elevated, the posterior rays of dorsal and 



anal bifid; caudal fin lunate; ventral fins both lateral; scales 



very small, cycloid; lateral line with a strong curve in front; gill 



rakers few, short, compressed, wide set. Vertebrae 16+34. 



Largest of the flounders. One species; abundant on both coasts 



of the north Atlantic and of the north Pacific. 



358 Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus) 

 Halibut 



Pleuronectes hippoglossus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat.ed. X, I, 269, 1758; Mitchill, 



Rep. Fish. N. Y. 10, 1814; Trans. Lit. & Phil. See. N. Y. I, 386, 1815. 

 Hippoglossus vulgaris De Kay, N.Y. Fauna, Fishes. 294, pi. 49, fig. 157, 1842; 



GuNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. IV, 403, 1862; Stoker, Hist. Fish. 



Mass. 192, pi. XXX, fig. 1, 1867; Goode & Bean, Bull. Essex Inst. XI, 



7, 1879; Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 819, 1883; Goode, 



Fish & Fish. Ind. U. S. I, 189, pi. 54, 1884. 

 Hippoglossus Jiippoglossus Jordan, Cat. Fish. N. A. 133, 1885; H. M. Smith, 



Bull, U. S. F. C. 1897, 108, 1898; Jordan & Everiiann, Bull. 47, U. S. 



Nat. Mus. Ill, 2611, 1898; IV, pi. CCCLXXI, fig. 918, 1900; Sherwood 



& Edwards, Bull. U. S. F. C. 1901, 31, 1901. 



Body comparatively elongate, not strongly compressed, deep 

 mesially, its depth one third of total length without caudal, 

 tapering rapidly in its posterior half; head broad, moderately 



